Jonah 4:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And he prayed unto the LORD, and said: 'I pray Thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was yet in mine own country?
Who acts: Jonah, I, this · What happens: pray, say, not be, be · To what, where: Thee, saying, own country · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Jonah 4:2 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jonah, I, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 prayed | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 prayed | nsubj |
| 3 | prayed | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 LORD | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 LORD | det |
| 6 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 prayed | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 said | cc |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 prayed | conj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 pray | punct |
| 11 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 13 pray | punct |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 pray | nsubj |
| 13 | pray | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | ccomp |
| 14 | Thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 13 pray | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 LORD | punct |
| 16 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 17 LORD | discourse |
| 17 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 pray | vocative |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 saying | punct |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 saying | cop |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 saying | advmod |
| 21 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 saying | nsubj |
| 22 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 saying | nmod:poss |
| 23 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 pray | parataxis |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 country | punct |
| 25 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 32 country | mark |
| 26 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 country | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 country | cop |
| 28 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 32 country | advmod |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 country | case |
| 30 | mine | mine | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 32 country | nmod:poss |
| 31 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 country | amod |
| 32 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 saying | advcl |
| 33 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- changed act=ask
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pray | past | Jonah | unto the LORD | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Jonah not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | pray | present | I | Thee | LORD vocative | tree rules | |||
| 4 | not is a | past | this | my saying | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is | past | I | mine own country | yet | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיִּתְפַּלֵּ֨ל אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמַ֗ר אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ הֲלוֹא־זֶ֣ה דְבָרִ֗י עַד־הֱיוֹתִי֙ עַל־אַדְמָתִ֔י עַל־כֵּ֥ן קִדַּ֖מְתִּי לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה כִּ֣י יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֤י אַתָּה֙ אֵֽל־חַנּ֣וּן וְרַח֔וּם אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃
Jonah 4:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And he prayed unto the LORD, and said: 'I pray Thee, O LORD, was not this my saying, when I was yet in mine own country?
- Therefore I fled beforehand unto Tarshish; for I knew that Thou art a gracious God, and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repentest Thee of the evil.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JON:41 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.41/