Jonah 4:6 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2
And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his evil.
Who acts: LORD God, gourd · What happens: prepare, make, come up, be, deliver · To what, where: gourd, Jonah, shadow, head, evil
This is Jonah 4:6 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD God, gourd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 prepared | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 God | det |
| 3 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 God | flat |
| 4 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 prepared | nsubj |
| 5 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 gourd | det |
| 7 | gourd | gourd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 prepared | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 made | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 made | cc |
| 10 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 prepared | conj |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 made | obj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 come | mark |
| 13 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 made | xcomp |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 13 come | compound:prt |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 16 Jonah | case |
| 16 | Jonah | Jonah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 come | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 shadow | punct |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 shadow | mark |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 shadow | nsubj |
| 20 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 shadow | aux |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 shadow | cop |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 shadow | det |
| 23 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | advcl |
| 24 | over | over | ADP | _ | 26 head | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 head | nmod:poss |
| 26 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shadow | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 deliver | punct |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 deliver | mark |
| 29 | deliver | deliver | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 made | advcl |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 deliver | obj |
| 31 | from | from | ADP | _ | 33 evil | case |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 evil | nmod:poss |
| 33 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 deliver | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 prepared | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prepare | past | the LORD God | a gourd | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gourd=Patient | ||||
| 2 | make | past | the LORD God not said here | gourd | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | come up | to-infinitive | gourd not said here | Jonah | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over jonah=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | is a | might | gourd | a shadow | Jonah's head | tree rules | |||
| 5 | deliver | to-infinitive | the LORD God not said here | Jonah | Jonah's evil | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme from evil=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְמַ֣ן יְהוָֽה־אֱ֠לֹהִים קִיקָי֞וֹן וַיַּ֣עַל ׀ מֵעַ֣ל לְיוֹנָ֗ה לִֽהְי֥וֹת צֵל֙ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ לְהַצִּ֥יל ל֖וֹ מֵרָֽעָת֑וֹ וַיִּשְׂמַ֥ח יוֹנָ֛ה עַל־הַקִּֽיקָי֖וֹן שִׂמְחָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃
Jonah 4:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- And the LORD God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his evil.
- So Jonah was exceeding glad because of the gourd.
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JON:46 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JON.46/