Joshua 8:18 · JPS 1917
And the LORD said unto Joshua: 'Stretch out the javelin that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thy hand.' And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city.
Who acts: LORD, javelin, I, Joshua · What happens: say, stretch out, be, give · To what, where: javelin, hand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 8:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, javelin, I, Joshua), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 LORD | det |
| 3 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 Joshua | case |
| 6 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stretch | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stretch | punct |
| 9 | Stretch | stretch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 10 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 Stretch | compound:prt |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 javelin | det |
| 12 | javelin | javelin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Stretch | obj |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 hand | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 hand | cop |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 hand | case |
| 16 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 hand | nmod:poss |
| 17 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 javelin | acl:relcl |
| 18 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 19 Ai | case |
| 19 | Ai | AI | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Stretch | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 give | punct |
| 21 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 24 give | mark |
| 22 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 give | nsubj |
| 23 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 give | aux |
| 24 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 Stretch | advcl |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 give | obj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 hand | case |
| 27 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 hand | nmod:poss |
| 28 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 give | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stretch | punct |
| 30 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 Stretch | punct |
| 31 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 stretched | cc |
| 32 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 stretched | nsubj |
| 33 | stretched | stretch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | conj |
| 34 | out | out | ADP | _ | 33 stretched | compound:prt |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 javelin | det |
| 36 | javelin | javelin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stretched | obj |
| 37 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 hand | nsubj |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 hand | cop |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 hand | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 hand | nmod:poss |
| 41 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 javelin | acl:relcl |
| 42 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 44 city | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 city | det |
| 44 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stretched | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=narrate, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the LORD | unto Joshua | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | stretch out | infinitive | the javelin | toward Ai | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent javelin=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is | present | the javelin | thy hand | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | give | future | I | javelin | thy hand | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 5 | stretch out | past | Joshua | the javelin | toward the city | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent javelin=Patient | |||
| 6 | is | past | the javelin | Joshua's hand | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ נְ֠טֵה בַּכִּיד֤וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָֽדְךָ֙ אֶל־הָעַ֔י כִּ֥י בְיָדְךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה וַיֵּ֧ט יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּכִּיד֥וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָד֖וֹ אֶל־הָעִֽיר׃
Joshua 8:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:173 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.173/