Joshua 8:18 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: LORD, javelin, I, Joshua · What happens: say, stretch out, be, give · To what, where: javelin, hand · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 8:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, javelin, I, Joshua — and what happens in the verse to javelin, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ נְ֠טֵה בַּכִּיד֤וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָֽדְךָ֙ אֶל־הָעַ֔י כִּ֥י בְיָדְךָ֖ אֶתְּנֶ֑נָּה וַיֵּ֧ט יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ בַּכִּיד֥וֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָד֖וֹ אֶל־הָעִֽיר׃

And the LORD said unto Joshua: 'Stretch out the javelin that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thy hand.' And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ	case	to
5	יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	Joshua
6	נְ֠טֵה	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	stretch out
7	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 כִּיד֤וֹן	case	with
8	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 כִּיד֤וֹן	det	the
9	כִּיד֤וֹן	כִּידוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 נְ֠טֵה	obl	javelin
10	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	12 יָֽד	mark	which
11	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 יָֽד	case	[is] in
12	יָֽד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 כִּיד֤וֹן	acl:relcl	hand
13	ְךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 יָֽד	nmod:poss	your
14	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	16 עַ֔י	case	to
15	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 עַ֔י	det	(the)
16	עַ֔י	עַי	PROPN	_	6 נְ֠טֵה	obl	Ai
17	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	21 אֶתְּנ	mark	(dm)
18	בְ	בְּ	ADP	_	19 יָד	case	in
19	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 אֶתְּנ	obl	hand
20	ְךָ֖	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	19 יָד	nmod:poss	your
21	אֶתְּנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	6 נְ֠טֵה	advcl	I
22	ֶ֑נָּה	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 אֶתְּנ	obj	will give it
23	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 יֵּ֧ט	cc	and
24	יֵּ֧ט	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	he stretched out
25	יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	24 יֵּ֧ט	nsubj	Joshua
26	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 כִּיד֥וֹן	case	with
27	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 כִּיד֥וֹן	det	the
28	כִּיד֥וֹן	כִּידוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 יֵּ֧ט	obl	javelin
29	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	31 יָד	mark	which
30	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	31 יָד	case	[was] in
31	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 כִּיד֥וֹן	acl:relcl	hand
32	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 יָד	nmod:poss	his
33	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	35 עִֽיר	case	to
34	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	35 עִֽיר	det	the
35	עִֽיר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יֵּ֧ט	obl	city
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 עִֽיר	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
נְטֵה stretch out	imperative · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
אֶתְּנ I	yiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	ֶנָּה will give it
יֵּט he stretched out	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר יְיָ לִיהוֹשֻׁעַ אֲרֵים בְּרוּמְחָא דִי בִידָךְ עַל עַי אֲרֵי בִּידָךְ אִמְסְרִינָה וַאֲרֵים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בְּרוּמְחָא דְבִידֵיהּ עַל קַרְתָּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the LORD said unto Joshua: 'Stretch out the javelin that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thy hand.' And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:168.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.18/