Joshua 9:16 · JPS 1917
And it came to pass at the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbours, and that they dwelt among them.
Who acts: princes · What happens: come, pass, make, hear, be, dwell · To what, where: congregation, covenant, end, neighbours · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 9:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 came | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | expl |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 end | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 end | det |
| 8 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 made | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 days | case |
| 10 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 days | nummod |
| 11 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 end | nmod |
| 12 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 15 made | mark |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 made | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 made | aux |
| 15 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 came | advcl |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 covenant | det |
| 17 | covenant | covenant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 made | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 them | case |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 made | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 heard | punct |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 heard | mark |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 heard | nsubj |
| 23 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | advcl |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 neighbours | mark |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 neighbours | nsubj |
| 26 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 neighbours | cop |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 neighbours | nmod:poss |
| 28 | neighbours | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 heard | ccomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 dwelt | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 dwelt | cc |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 dwelt | mark |
| 32 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 dwelt | nsubj |
| 33 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 heard | conj |
| 34 | among | among | ADP | _ | 35 them | case |
| 35 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 dwelt | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | congregation | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | make | past · perfect | princes = prince | a covenant | at the end of three days | with men = man | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset covenant=Product | ||
| 4 | hear | past | princes = prince | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is a | past | princes = prince | princes's neighbours | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | dwell | past | princes = prince | among men = man | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among they=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְהִ֗י מִקְצֵה֙ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֕י אֲשֶׁר־כָּרְת֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם בְּרִ֑ית וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֗וּ כִּי־קְרֹבִ֥ים הֵם֙ אֵלָ֔יו וּבְקִרְבּ֖וֹ הֵ֥ם יֹשְׁבִֽים׃
Joshua 9:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:207 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.207/