Joshua 10:39 · JPS 1917
And he took it, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof; and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining; as he had done to Hebron, so he did to Debir, and to the king thereof; as he had done also to Libnah, and to the king thereof.
Who acts: Joshua, people, souls · What happens: take, smite, destroy, be, leave, remain · To what, where: death, souls, none, Hebron, Debir, Libnah
This is Joshua 10:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, people, souls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 took | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 took | nsubj |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 took | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 king | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 king | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 king | det |
| 8 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | conj |
| 9 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 8 king | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 cities | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 cities | cc |
| 12 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 cities | det:predet |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 cities | det |
| 14 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 took | conj |
| 15 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 14 cities | advmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 smote | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 smote | cc |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 smote | nsubj |
| 19 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 smote | obj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 edge | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 edge | det |
| 23 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 smote | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 sword | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 sword | det |
| 26 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 edge | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 destroyed | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 destroyed | cc |
| 29 | utterly | utterly | ADV | _ | 30 destroyed | advmod |
| 30 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 smote | conj |
| 31 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 souls | det:predet |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 souls | det |
| 33 | souls | soul | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 destroyed | obj |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 therein | nsubj |
| 35 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 therein | cop |
| 36 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 33 souls | acl:relcl |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 left | punct |
| 38 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 left | nsubj |
| 39 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | parataxis |
| 40 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 39 left | obj |
| 41 | remaining | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 40 none | acl |
| 42 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 46 done | punct |
| 43 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 46 done | mark |
| 44 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 done | nsubj |
| 45 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 done | aux |
| 46 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 52 did | advcl |
| 47 | to | to | ADP | _ | 48 Hebron | case |
| 48 | Hebron | Hebron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 done | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 did | punct |
| 50 | so | so | ADV | _ | 52 did | advmod |
| 51 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 did | nsubj |
| 52 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | parataxis |
| 53 | to | to | ADP | _ | 54 Debir | case |
| 54 | Debir | Debir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 did | obl |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 king | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 king | cc |
| 57 | to | to | ADP | _ | 59 king | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 king | det |
| 59 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 Debir | conj |
| 60 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 59 king | advmod |
| 61 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 65 done | punct |
| 62 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 65 done | mark |
| 63 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 65 done | nsubj |
| 64 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 65 done | aux |
| 65 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 52 did | advcl |
| 66 | also | also | ADV | _ | 65 done | advmod |
| 67 | to | to | ADP | _ | 68 Libnah | case |
| 68 | Libnah | Libnah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 65 done | obl |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 king | punct |
| 70 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 king | cc |
| 71 | to | to | ADP | _ | 73 king | case |
| 72 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 73 king | det |
| 73 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 Libnah | conj |
| 74 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 73 king | advmod |
| 75 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Joshua | death | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 2 | smite | past | people | souls = soul | with the edge of the sword | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with edge=Instrument | |||
| 3 | destroy | past | people not said here | all souls | utterly property | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Patient | |||
| 4 | is | past | all souls | therein property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | leave | past | Joshua | none | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Theme | ||||
| 6 | remain | gerund | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | do | past · perfect | Joshua | Hebron | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | do | past | Joshua | Debir and the king | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 9 | do | past · perfect | Joshua | Libnah and the king | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַֽיִּלְכְּדָ֞הּ וְאֶת־מַלְכָּ֤הּ וְאֶת־כָּל־עָרֶ֙יהָ֙ וַיַּכּ֣וּם לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב וַֽיַּחֲרִ֙ימוּ֙ אֶת־כָּל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔הּ לֹ֥א הִשְׁאִ֖יר שָׂרִ֑יד כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה לְחֶבְר֗וֹן כֵּן־עָשָׂ֤ה לִדְבִ֙רָה֙ וּלְמַלְכָּ֔הּ וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֛ה לְלִבְנָ֖ה וּלְמַלְכָּֽהּ׃
Joshua 10:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:261 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.261/