Joshua 11:12 · JPS 1917
And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and he smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed them; as Moses the servant of the LORD commanded.
Who acts: Joshua, Moses · What happens: take, smite, destroy, command · To what, where: cities · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 11:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, Moses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 take | cc |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 cities | det:predet |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 cities | det |
| 4 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 take | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 kings | case |
| 6 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 kings | det |
| 7 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 cities | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 kings | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 kings | cc |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 kings | det:predet |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 kings | det |
| 12 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 cities | conj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 kings | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 cities | punct |
| 16 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 take | aux |
| 17 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 take | nsubj |
| 18 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 smote | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 smote | cc |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 smote | nsubj |
| 22 | smote | smite | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 take | conj |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 smote | obj |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 edge | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 edge | det |
| 26 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 smote | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 sword | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 sword | det |
| 29 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 edge | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 destroyed | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 destroyed | cc |
| 32 | utterly | utterly | ADV | _ | 33 destroyed | advmod |
| 33 | destroyed | destroy | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 smote | conj |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 destroyed | obj |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 43 commanded | punct |
| 36 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 43 commanded | mark |
| 37 | Moses | Moses | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 commanded | nsubj |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 servant | det |
| 39 | servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Moses | appos |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 LORD | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 LORD | det |
| 42 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 servant | nmod |
| 43 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 take | advcl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 take | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past · do-support | Joshua | all cities of that kings and all kings of cities | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme | ||||
| 2 | smite | past | Joshua | cities = city | with the edge of the sword | vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with edge=Instrument | |||
| 3 | destroy | past | Joshua not said here | cities = city | utterly property | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | |||
| 4 | command | past | Moses | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְֽאֶת־כָּל־עָרֵ֣י הַמְּלָכִֽים־הָ֠אֵלֶּה וְֽאֶת־כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֞ם לָכַ֧ד יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ וַיַּכֵּ֥ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב הֶחֱרִ֣ים אוֹתָ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֥בֶד יְהוָֽה׃
Joshua 11:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:277 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.277/