Joshua 11:12 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, Moses · What happens: take, smite, destroy, command · To what, where: cities · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 11:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, Moses — and what happens in the verse to cities, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְֽאֶת־כָּל־עָרֵ֣י הַמְּלָכִֽים־הָ֠אֵלֶּה וְֽאֶת־כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֞ם לָכַ֧ד יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ וַיַּכֵּ֥ם לְפִי־חֶ֖רֶב הֶחֱרִ֣ים אוֹתָ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֔ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה עֶ֥בֶד יְהוָֽה׃

And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and he smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed them; as Moses the servant of the LORD commanded.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 לָכַ֧ד	cc	and
2	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	3 כָּל־	case	(et)
3	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 לָכַ֧ד	obj	all
4	עָרֵ֣י	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	3 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the cities
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 מְּלָכִֽים־	det	of
6	מְּלָכִֽים־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 עָרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the kings
7	הָ֠	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 אֵלֶּה	det	(the)
8	אֵלֶּה	אֵלֶּה	DET	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	6 מְּלָכִֽים־	det	these
9	וְֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 כָּל־	cc	and
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 כָּל־	case	(et)
11	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 כָּל־	conj	all
12	מַלְכֵי	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 כָּל־	compound:smixut	kings
13	הֶ֞ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 מַלְכֵי	nmod:poss	their
14	לָכַ֧ד	לָכַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he captured
15	יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	14 לָכַ֧ד	nsubj	Joshua
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יַּכּ	cc	and
17	יַּכּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	14 לָכַ֧ד	conj	he
18	ֵ֥ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יַּכּ	obj	struck them down
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 פִי־	case	to [the]
20	פִי־	פֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יַּכּ	obl	mouth
21	חֶ֖רֶב	חֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	20 פִי־	compound:smixut	of [the] sword
22	הֶחֱרִ֣ים	חָרַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	14 לָכַ֧ד	parataxis	he totally destroyed
23	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	24 ָ֑ם	case
24	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 הֶחֱרִ֣ים	obj	them
25	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	22 הֶחֱרִ֣ים	obl	just
26	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	27 צִוָּ֔ה	mark	as
27	צִוָּ֔ה	צָוָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	25 כַּ	acl:relcl	he had commanded
28	מֹשֶׁ֖ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	27 צִוָּ֔ה	nsubj	Moses
29	עֶ֥בֶד	עֶבֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 מֹשֶׁ֖ה	appos	the servant
30	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	29 עֶ֥בֶד	compound:smixut	of Yahweh
31	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	30 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
לָכַד he captured	qatal · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua	עָרֵי the cities + מַלְכֵי kings
יַּכּ he	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ֵם struck them down		יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
הֶחֱרִים he totally destroyed	qatal · hiphil	ָם them		יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
צִוָּה he had commanded	qatal · piel	מֹשֶׁה Moses

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וְיַת כָּל קִרְוֵי מַלְכַיָא הָאִילֵין וְיַת כָּל מַלְכֵיהוֹן כְּבַשׁ יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וּמְחָנוּן לְפִתְגַם דְחָרֶב גַמַר יַתְהוֹן כְּמָא דְפַקֵד מֹשֶׁה עַבְדָא דַיָי:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and he smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed them; as Moses the servant of the LORD commanded.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:267.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.11.12/