Joshua 24:22 · JPS 1917
And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye are witnesses against yourselves that ye have chosen you the LORD, to serve Him. — And they said: 'We are witnesses.' —
Who acts: Joshua, Ye, people, We · What happens: say, be, choose, serve · To what, where: witnesses, LORD, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 24:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, Ye, people, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 said | cc |
| 2 | Joshua | Joshua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 6 people | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 people | det |
| 6 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 said | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 witnesses | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 11 witnesses | punct |
| 9 | Ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 witnesses | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 witnesses | cop |
| 11 | witnesses | witness | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 said | ccomp |
| 12 | against | against | ADP | _ | 13 yourselves | case |
| 13 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 witnesses | obl |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 chosen | mark |
| 15 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 chosen | nsubj |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 chosen | aux |
| 17 | chosen | choose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 witnesses | ccomp |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 chosen | iobj |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 LORD | det |
| 20 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 chosen | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 serve | punct |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 serve | mark |
| 23 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 chosen | advcl |
| 24 | Him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 serve | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 26 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 said | punct |
| 27 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 said | cc |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 said | nsubj |
| 29 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 said | conj |
| 30 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 34 witnesses | punct |
| 31 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 witnesses | punct |
| 32 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 witnesses | nsubj |
| 33 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 witnesses | cop |
| 34 | witnesses | witness | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 said | ccomp |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 witnesses | punct |
| 36 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 witnesses | punct |
| 37 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Joshua | unto the people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | Ye | witnesses | against yourselves | tree rules | |||
| 3 | choose | present · perfect | ye | the LORD | you | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary lord=Theme | |||
| 4 | serve | to-infinitive | ye not said here | LORD | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is a | present | We | witnesses | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם עֵדִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ בָּכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־אַתֶּ֞ם בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם לָכֶ֛ם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה לַעֲבֹ֣ד אוֹת֑וֹ וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ עֵדִֽים׃
Joshua 24:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:669 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.669/