Joshua 24:22 יְהוֹשֻׁעַ

Who acts: Joshua, Ye, people, We · What happens: say, be, choose, serve · To what, where: witnesses, LORD, you · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Joshua 24:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joshua, Ye, people, We — and what happens in the verse to witnesses, LORD, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of Joshua on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־הָעָ֗ם עֵדִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ בָּכֶ֔ם כִּֽי־אַתֶּ֞ם בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם לָכֶ֛ם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה לַעֲבֹ֣ד אוֹת֑וֹ וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ עֵדִֽים׃

And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye are witnesses against yourselves that ye have chosen you the LORD, to serve Him. — And they said: 'We are witnesses.' —

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ	יְהֹושֻׁעַ	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Joshua
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	6 עָ֗ם	case	to
5	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 עָ֗ם	det	the
6	עָ֗ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	people
7	עֵדִ֤ים	עֵד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	[are] witnesses
8	אַתֶּם֙	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 עֵדִ֤ים	nsubj	you
9	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 ָכֶ֔ם	case	on
10	ָכֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 עֵדִ֤ים	obl	yourselves
11	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם	mark	(dm) that
12	אַתֶּ֞ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם	nsubj	you
13	בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם	בָּחַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	7 עֵדִ֤ים	advcl	you have chosen
14	ל	לְ	ADP	_	15 ָכֶ֛ם	case	for
15	ָכֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם	obl	yourselves
16	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	17 יְהוָ֖ה	case	(et)
17	יְהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	13 בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם	obj	Yahweh
18	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	19 עֲבֹ֣ד	case	to
19	עֲבֹ֣ד	עָבַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	13 בְּחַרְתֶּ֥ם	xcomp	serve
20	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	21 ֑וֹ	case
21	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 עֲבֹ֣ד	obj	him
22	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 יֹּאמְר֖וּ	cc	and
23	יֹּאמְר֖וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	they said
24	עֵדִֽים	עֵד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 יֹּאמְר֖וּ	ccomp	witnesses
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 עֵדִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוֹשֻׁעַ Joshua
בְּחַרְתֶּם you have chosen	qatal · qal	אַתֶּם you	יְהוָה Yahweh
עֲבֹד serve	infinitive construct · qal	עָם people	וֹ him
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

וַאֲמַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ לְעַמָא סַהֲדִין אַתּוּן בְּנַפְשַׁתְכוֹן אֲרֵי אַתּוּן בְּחַרְתּוּן לְכוֹן יַת פּוּלְחָנָא דַייָ לְמִפְלַח קֳדָמוֹהִי וַאֲמַרוּ סַהֲדִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Joshua said unto the people: 'Ye are witnesses against yourselves that ye have chosen you the LORD, to serve Him. — And they said: 'We are witnesses.' —

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:JOS:646.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.22/