Joshua 4:23 · JPS 1917
For the LORD your God dried up the waters of Jordan from before you, until ye were passed over, as the LORD your God did to the Red Sea, which He dried up from before us, until we were passed over,
Who acts: LORD · What happens: dry up, pass over · To what, where: waters, ye, Red Sea, we
This is Joshua 4:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 6 dried | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 LORD | det |
| 3 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 dried | nsubj |
| 4 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 God | nmod:poss |
| 5 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 LORD | appos |
| 6 | dried | dry | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 dried | compound:prt |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 waters | det |
| 9 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 dried | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Jordan | case |
| 11 | Jordan | Jordan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 waters | nmod |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 you | case |
| 13 | before | before | ADP | _ | 14 you | case |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 dried | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 passed | punct |
| 16 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 19 passed | mark |
| 17 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 19 passed | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 passed | aux:pass |
| 19 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 dried | advcl |
| 20 | over | over | ADP | _ | 19 passed | compound:prt |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 did | punct |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 did | mark |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 LORD | det |
| 24 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 did | nsubj |
| 25 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 God | nmod:poss |
| 26 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 LORD | appos |
| 27 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 dried | advcl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 Sea | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Sea | det |
| 30 | Red | Red | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Sea | flat |
| 31 | Sea | Sea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 did | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 dried | punct |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 dried | obj |
| 34 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 dried | nsubj |
| 35 | dried | dry | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 Sea | acl:relcl |
| 36 | up | up | ADP | _ | 35 dried | compound:prt |
| 37 | from | from | ADP | _ | 39 us | case |
| 38 | before | before | ADP | _ | 39 us | case |
| 39 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 dried | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 passed | punct |
| 41 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 44 passed | mark |
| 42 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 passed | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 passed | aux:pass |
| 44 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 dried | advcl |
| 45 | over | over | ADP | _ | 44 passed | compound:prt |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 dried | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dry up | past | the LORD | the waters of Jordan | from you | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient water=Result | |||
| 2 | pass over | past · passive | ye | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory | |||||
| 3 | dry up | past | LORD | the Red Sea | from us | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient which=Result | |||
| 4 | pass over | past · passive | we | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
אֲשֶׁר־הוֹבִישׁ֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֜ם אֶת־מֵ֧י הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן מִפְּנֵיכֶ֖ם עַֽד־עָבְרְכֶ֑ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂה֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֧ם לְיַם־ס֛וּף אֲשֶׁר־הוֹבִ֥ישׁ מִפָּנֵ֖ינוּ עַד־עָבְרֵֽנוּ׃
Joshua 4:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:82 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.82/