Joshua 5:1 · JPS 1917
And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, that were beyond the Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, that were by the sea, heard how that the LORD had dried up the waters of the Jordan from before the children of Israel, until they were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.
Who acts: it, kings, LORD, heart, spirit · What happens: come, pass, be, hear, dry up, pass over · To what, where: waters, kings · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Joshua 5:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, kings, LORD, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 came | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 came | nsubj |
| 3 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 pass | mark |
| 5 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 came | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
| 7 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 36 heard | mark |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 kings | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 kings | det |
| 10 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 heard | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Amorites | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Amorites | det |
| 13 | Amorites | Amorite | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 kings | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Jordan | punct |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 Jordan | nsubj |
| 16 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 Jordan | cop |
| 17 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 19 Jordan | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Jordan | det |
| 19 | Jordan | Jordan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 kings | acl:relcl |
| 20 | westward | westward | ADV | _ | 19 Jordan | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 kings | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 kings | cc |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 kings | det:predet |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 kings | det |
| 25 | kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 kings | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Canaanites | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 Canaanites | det |
| 28 | Canaanites | Canaanite | PROPN | Number=Plur | 25 kings | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 sea | punct |
| 30 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 sea | nsubj |
| 31 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 sea | cop |
| 32 | by | by | ADP | _ | 34 sea | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 sea | det |
| 34 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kings | acl:relcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 kings | punct |
| 36 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | advcl |
| 37 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 42 dried | advmod |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 42 dried | mark |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 LORD | det |
| 40 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 dried | nsubj |
| 41 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 dried | aux |
| 42 | dried | dry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 heard | ccomp |
| 43 | up | up | ADP | _ | 42 dried | compound:prt |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 waters | det |
| 45 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 dried | obj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 Jordan | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 Jordan | det |
| 48 | Jordan | Jordan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 waters | nmod |
| 49 | from | from | ADP | _ | 52 children | case |
| 50 | before | before | ADP | _ | 52 children | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 children | det |
| 52 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 dried | obl |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 Israel | case |
| 54 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 children | nmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 passed | punct |
| 56 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 59 passed | mark |
| 57 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 59 passed | nsubj:pass |
| 58 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 59 passed | aux:pass |
| 59 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 dried | advcl |
| 60 | over | over | ADP | _ | 59 passed | compound:prt |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 melted | punct |
| 62 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 65 melted | mark |
| 63 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 64 heart | nmod:poss |
| 64 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 melted | nsubj |
| 65 | melted | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 came | ccomp |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 was | punct |
| 67 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 68 was | cc |
| 68 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 65 melted | conj |
| 69 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 68 was | expl |
| 70 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 was | nsubj |
| 71 | in | in | ADP | _ | 72 them | case |
| 72 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 70 spirit | nmod |
| 73 | any | any | ADV | _ | 74 more | advmod |
| 74 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 68 was | advmod |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 79 children | punct |
| 76 | because | because | SCONJ | ExtPos=ADP | 79 children | case |
| 77 | of | of | ADP | _ | 76 because | fixed |
| 78 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 79 children | det |
| 79 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 was | obl |
| 80 | of | of | ADP | _ | 81 Israel | case |
| 81 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 79 children | nmod |
| 82 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 came | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | it | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | is | past | all kings of the Amorites and all kings of the Canaanites | beyond the Jordan; westward property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | past | all kings of the Canaanites | by the sea | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | hear | past | all kings of the Amorites and all kings of the Canaanites | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | dry up | past · perfect | the LORD | the waters of the Jordan | from the children of Israel | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient water=Result | |||
| 7 | pass over | past · passive | kings = king | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory | |||||
| 8 | melt | past | kings's heart | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 9 | be | past | spirit in kings | there | because the children of Israel | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וַיְהִ֣י כִשְׁמֹ֣עַ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֱמֹרִ֡י אֲשֶׁר֩ בְּעֵ֨בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ן יָ֗מָּה וְכָל־מַלְכֵ֤י הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַיָּ֔ם אֵ֠ת אֲשֶׁר־הוֹבִ֨ישׁ יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־מֵ֧י הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן מִפְּנֵ֥י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־עָבְרָ֑ם וַיִּמַּ֣ס לְבָבָ֗ם וְלֹא־הָ֨יָה בָ֥ם עוֹד֙ ר֔וּחַ מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ס
Joshua 5:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:JOS:84 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.84/