Malachi 2:16 · JPS 1917
For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him that covereth his garment with violence, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously.
Who acts: I, LORD, ye · What happens: hate, put away, say, cover, take, not deal · To what, where: garment, heed, spirit · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Malachi 2:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 3 hate | mark |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 hate | nsubj |
| 3 | hate | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 saith | advcl |
| 4 | putting | put | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 hate | xcomp |
| 5 | away | away | ADV | _ | 4 putting | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 hate | punct |
| 7 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 saith | parataxis |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 LORD | det |
| 9 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 saith | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 God | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 God | det |
| 12 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 LORD | appos |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Israel | case |
| 14 | Israel | Israel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 God | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 him | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 him | cc |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 hate | conj |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 covereth | nsubj |
| 19 | covereth | cover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 him | acl:relcl |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 garment | nmod:poss |
| 21 | garment | garment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 covereth | obj |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 violence | case |
| 23 | violence | violence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 covereth | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 saith | punct |
| 25 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 LORD | det |
| 27 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 saith | nsubj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 hosts | case |
| 29 | hosts | host | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 LORD | nmod |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 take | punct |
| 31 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 32 take | advmod |
| 32 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 25 saith | parataxis |
| 33 | heed | heed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 take | obj |
| 34 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 spirit | case |
| 35 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 spirit | nmod:poss |
| 36 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 take | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 deal | punct |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 deal | mark |
| 39 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 40 deal | nsubj |
| 40 | deal | deal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 take | advcl |
| 41 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 deal | advmod |
| 42 | treacherously | treacherously | ADV | _ | 40 deal | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 saith | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- request
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- neg
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hate | present | I | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | put away not said to happen | gerund | I not said here | away property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the LORD | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | cover | present | God's garment | with violence | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent garment=Destination with violence=Theme | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | the LORD of hosts | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | take | infinitive | heed | your spirit | therefore property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent heed=Theme to spirit=Destination | |||
| 7 | not deal | present | ye | treacherously property | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּֽי־שָׂנֵ֣א שַׁלַּ֗ח אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִסָּ֤ה חָמָס֙ עַל־לְבוּשׁ֔וֹ אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם בְּרוּחֲכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א תִבְגֹּֽדוּ׃ס
Malachi 2:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:MAL:39 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.39/