Malachi 2:16 מַלְאָכִי

Who acts: I, LORD, ye · What happens: hate, put away, say, cover, take, not deal · To what, where: garment, heed, spirit · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Malachi 2:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, LORD, ye — and what happens in the verse to garment, heed, spirit, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 3 chapters of Malachi on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּֽי־שָׂנֵ֣א שַׁלַּ֗ח אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִסָּ֤ה חָמָס֙ עַל־לְבוּשׁ֔וֹ אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם בְּרוּחֲכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א תִבְגֹּֽדוּ׃ס

For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him that covereth his garment with violence, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	mark	(dm)
2	שָׂנֵ֣א	שָׂנֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he hates
3	שַׁלַּ֗ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	obj	sending away
4	אָמַ֤ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	parataxis	he says
5	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	4 אָמַ֤ר	nsubj	Yahweh
6	אֱלֹהֵ֣י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 יְהוָה֙	appos	the God
7	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	6 אֱלֹהֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 כִסָּ֤ה	cc	and
9	כִסָּ֤ה	כָּסָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	conj	he will cover
10	חָמָס֙	חָמָס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 כִסָּ֤ה	obj	violence
11	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	12 לְבוּשׁ	case	over
12	לְבוּשׁ	לְבוּשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 כִסָּ֤ה	obl	clothing
13	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 לְבוּשׁ	nmod:poss	his
14	אָמַ֖ר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	parataxis	he says
15	יְהוָ֣ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	14 אָמַ֖ר	nsubj	Yahweh
16	צְבָא֑וֹת	צָבָא	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 יְהוָ֣ה	compound:smixut	of hosts
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 נִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם	cc	and
18	נִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם	שָׁמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	conj	you will take heed
19	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	20 רוּח	case	in
20	רוּח	רוּחַ	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 נִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם	obl	spirit
21	ֲכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 רוּח	nmod:poss	your
22	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	24 תִבְגֹּֽדוּ	cc	and
23	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	24 תִבְגֹּֽדוּ	advmod	not
24	תִבְגֹּֽדוּ	בָּגַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 שָׂנֵ֣א	conj	you must act treacherously
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 תִבְגֹּֽדוּ	punct
26	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	24 תִבְגֹּֽדוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׂנֵא he hates	qatal · qal		שַׁלַּח sending away
שַׁלַּח sending away	infinitive construct · piel
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
כִסָּה he will cover	weqatal · piel		חָמָס violence
אָמַר he says	qatal · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
נִשְׁמַרְתֶּם you will take heed	weqatal · niphal
not תִבְגֹּֽדוּ you must act treacherously	yiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Jonathan

אֲרֵי אִם סְנֵיתָ לָהּ פַּטְרָהּ אֲמַר יְיָ אֱלָהָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְלָא תְּכַסֵי חֶטְאָה בִּלְבוּשָׁךְ אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת וְתִסְתַּמְרוּן בְּנַפְשַׁתְכוֹן וְלָא תְשַׁקְרוּן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him that covereth his garment with violence, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:MAL:29.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.16/