Obadiah 1:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2
Thus saith the Lord GOD concerning Edom: We have heard a message from the LORD, and an ambassador is sent among the nations: 'Arise ye, and let us rise up against her in battle.'
Who acts: Lord GOD, We, ye, us · What happens: say, hear, send, arise, let, rise up · To what, where: message, ambassador, us, battle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is Obadiah 1:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord GOD, We, ye, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 2 saith | advmod |
| 2 | saith | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 GOD | det |
| 4 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 GOD | compound |
| 5 | GOD | GOD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 saith | nsubj |
| 6 | concerning | concerning | ADP | _ | 7 Edom | case |
| 7 | Edom | Edom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 saith | obl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 heard | punct |
| 9 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 heard | nsubj |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 heard | aux |
| 11 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 saith | parataxis |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 message | det |
| 13 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 heard | obj |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 LORD | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 LORD | det |
| 16 | LORD | LORD | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 message | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 sent | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 sent | cc |
| 19 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 ambassador | det |
| 20 | ambassador | ambassador | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 sent | aux:pass |
| 22 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 heard | conj |
| 23 | among | among | ADP | _ | 25 nations | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 nations | det |
| 25 | nations | nation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 sent | obl |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 Arise | punct |
| 27 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 28 Arise | punct |
| 28 | Arise | arise | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 saith | ccomp |
| 29 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 28 Arise | nsubj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 let | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 let | cc |
| 32 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 28 Arise | conj |
| 33 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 let | obj |
| 34 | rise | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 let | xcomp |
| 35 | up | up | ADP | _ | 34 rise | compound:prt |
| 36 | against | against | ADP | _ | 37 her | case |
| 37 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 rise | obl |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 battle | case |
| 39 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 rise | obl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saith | punct |
| 41 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 saith | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the Lord GOD | concerning Edom; thus property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | hear | present · perfect | We | a message | from the LORD | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent message=Topic from lord=Source | |||
| 3 | send | present · passive | a ambassador | among the nations | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | arise | infinitive | ye | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | let | infinitive | ye not said here | us | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | rise up | infinitive | us not said here | battle | against Edom | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against she=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
חֲז֖וֹן עֹֽבַדְיָ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ אֲדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֜ה לֶאֱד֗וֹם שְׁמוּעָ֨ה שָׁמַ֜עְנוּ מֵאֵ֤ת יְהוָה֙ וְצִיר֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֣ם שֻׁלָּ֔ח ק֛וּמוּ וְנָק֥וּמָה עָלֶיהָלַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃
Obadiah 1:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
This verse in JPS 1917:
- THE VISION of Obadiah.
- Thus saith the Lord GOD concerning Edom: We have heard a message from the LORD, and an ambassador is sent among the nations: 'Arise ye, and let us rise up against her in battle.'
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:OBA:1 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/OBA.1/