Zechariah 8:10 · JPS 1917
For before those days there was no hire for man, nor any hire for beast; neither was there any peace to him that went out or came in because of the adversary; for I set all men every one against his neighbour.
Who acts: hire, peace, I · What happens: be, go out, come in, set · To what, where: men, neighbour
This is Zechariah 8:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hire, peace, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 4 days | case |
| 2 | before | before | ADP | _ | 4 days | case |
| 3 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 days | det |
| 4 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 was | obl |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 was | expl |
| 6 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 hire | det |
| 8 | hire | hire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 was | nsubj |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 man | case |
| 10 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hire | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 hire | punct |
| 12 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 14 hire | cc |
| 13 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 hire | det |
| 14 | hire | hire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hire | conj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 beast | case |
| 16 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 hire | nmod |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 was | punct |
| 18 | neither | neither | CCONJ | _ | 19 was | cc |
| 19 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 was | parataxis |
| 20 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 was | expl |
| 21 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 22 peace | det |
| 22 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 was | nsubj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 peace | nmod |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 went | nsubj |
| 26 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 peace | acl:relcl |
| 27 | out | out | ADV | _ | 26 went | advmod |
| 28 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 29 came | cc |
| 29 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 went | conj |
| 30 | in | in | ADV | _ | 29 came | advmod |
| 31 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 34 adversary | case |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 because | fixed |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 adversary | det |
| 34 | adversary | adversary | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 came | obl |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 set | punct |
| 36 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 38 set | mark |
| 37 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 set | nsubj |
| 38 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 was | advcl |
| 39 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 men | det |
| 40 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 set | obj |
| 41 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 one | det |
| 42 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 set | obl:unmarked |
| 43 | against | against | ADP | _ | 45 neighbour | case |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 neighbour | nmod:poss |
| 45 | neighbour | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 set | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 was | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | no hire for man nor any hire for beast | there | day | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | be | past | any peace to LORD | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go out | past | any peace to LORD | out property | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | come in | past | any peace to LORD not said here | because the adversary | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | set | past | I | all men | LORD's neighbour | every one obl:unmarked | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent man=Theme against neighbour=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
כִּ֗י לִפְנֵי֙ הַיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם שְׂכַ֤ר הָֽאָדָם֙ לֹ֣א נִֽהְיָ֔ה וּשְׂכַ֥ר הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה אֵינֶ֑נָּה וְלַיּוֹצֵ֨א וְלַבָּ֤א אֵין־שָׁלוֹם֙ מִן־הַצָּ֔ר וַאֲשַׁלַּ֥ח אֶת־כָּל־הָאָדָ֖ם אִ֥ישׁ בְּרֵעֵֽהוּ׃
Zechariah 8:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ZEC:110 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.110/