Zechariah 11:2 · JPS 1917
Wail, O cypress-tree, for the cedar is fallen; because the glorious ones are spoiled; wail, O ye oaks of Bashan, for the strong forest is come down.
Who acts: you, strong forest · What happens: wail, fall, spoil, come down · To what, where: cedar, glorious ones
This is Zechariah 11:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, strong forest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wail | wail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 tree | punct |
| 3 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 6 tree | discourse |
| 4 | cypress | cypress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tree | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 cypress | punct |
| 6 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Wail | vocative |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 fallen | punct |
| 8 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 12 fallen | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 cedar | det |
| 10 | cedar | cedar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 fallen | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 fallen | aux:pass |
| 12 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Wail | advcl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 spoiled | punct |
| 14 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 19 spoiled | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 ones | det |
| 16 | glorious | glorious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 ones | amod |
| 17 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 spoiled | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 spoiled | aux:pass |
| 19 | spoiled | spoil | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Wail | advcl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 wail | punct |
| 21 | wail | wail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 Wail | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 oaks | punct |
| 23 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 25 oaks | discourse |
| 24 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 wail | vocative |
| 25 | oaks | oak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 wail | vocative |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Bashan | case |
| 27 | Bashan | Bashan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 oaks | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 come | punct |
| 29 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 34 come | mark |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 forest | det |
| 31 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 forest | amod |
| 32 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 come | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 come | aux |
| 34 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 wail | advcl |
| 35 | down | down | ADV | _ | 34 come | advmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Wail | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- command
- act
- other
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=other, polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wail | imperative | you not said here | cypress tree vocative | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | fall | present · passive | the cedar | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result | |||||
| 3 | spoil | present · passive | the glorious ones | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | wail | infinitive | ye vocative; oaks of Bashan vocative | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | come down | present · passive | the strong forest | down property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
הֵילֵ֤ל בְּרוֹשׁ֙ כִּֽי־נָ֣פַל אֶ֔רֶז אֲשֶׁ֥ר אַדִּרִ֖ים שֻׁדָּ֑דוּ הֵילִ֙ילוּ֙ אַלּוֹנֵ֣י בָשָׁ֔ן כִּ֥י יָרַ֖ד יַ֥עַר הַבָּצִֽיר׃
Zechariah 11:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ZEC:156 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.156/