Zechariah 1:8 · JPS 1917

I saw in the night, and behold a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle-trees that were in the bottom; and behind him there were horses, red, sorrel, and white.

Who acts: I, man, word, myrtle trees · What happens: see, behold, ride, stand, be · To what, where: man, myrtle trees, bottom

This is Zechariah 1:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, man, word, myrtle trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 saw	nsubj
2	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 night	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 night	det
5	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saw	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 behold	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 behold	cc
8	behold	behold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 saw	conj
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 man	det
10	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 behold	obj
11	riding	ride	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 man	acl
12	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 horse	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 horse	det
14	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 horse	amod
15	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 riding	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 stood	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 stood	cc
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 stood	nsubj
19	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 saw	conj
20	among	among	ADP	_	24 trees	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 trees	det
22	myrtle	myrtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 trees	compound
23	-	-	PUNCT	_	22 myrtle	punct
24	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 stood	obl
25	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	29 bottom	nsubj
26	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 bottom	cop
27	in	in	ADP	_	29 bottom	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 bottom	det
29	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 trees	acl:relcl
30	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 were	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 were	cc
32	behind	behind	ADP	_	33 him	case
33	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 were	obl
34	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	35 were	expl
35	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 saw	conj
36	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 were	nsubj
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 red	punct
38	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 horses	amod
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 sorrel	punct
40	sorrel	sorrel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 horses	conj
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 white	punct
42	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 white	cc
43	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 horses	conj
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 saw	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past	I			night		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	behold	infinitive	I not said here	a man				vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus
3	ride	gerund	a man not said here				upon a red horse	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
4	stand	past	word		the myrtle trees			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent among tree=Location
5	is	past	the myrtle trees		the bottom			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The Hebrew of this verse

רָאִ֣יתִי ׀ הַלַּ֗יְלָה וְהִנֵּה־אִישׁ֙ רֹכֵב֙ עַל־ס֣וּס אָדֹ֔ם וְה֣וּא עֹמֵ֔ד בֵּ֥ין הַהֲדַסִּ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּמְּצֻלָ֑ה וְאַחֲרָיו֙ סוּסִ֣ים אֲדֻמִּ֔ים שְׂרֻקִּ֖ים וּלְבָנִֽים׃

Zechariah 1:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →

Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:ZEC:7 of Mova's parse database.

The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ZEC.7/