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Test 11 · ★ · Votes, parties and the people in charge

Dad mutters «Taxman takes a third, I swear.» Mum: «And who drives on the roads, eh?» What is Mum pointing out?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Dad, Taxman, Mum · What happens: mutter, take, swear, drive, point out · To what, where: third, roads · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 31 «Votes, parties and the people in charge» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Dad mutters «Taxman takes a third, I swear.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 mutters	nsubj
2	mutters	mutter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 takes	punct
4	Taxman	taxman	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 takes	nsubj
5	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 mutters	conj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 third	det
7	third	third	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 takes	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 swear	punct
9	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 swear	nsubj
10	swear	swear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 mutters	parataxis
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 mutters	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 mutters	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mutter speech: assert	present	Dad						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	take in a quote	present	Taxman	a third					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Theme
3	swear in a quote	present	Dad						vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Mum: «And who drives on the roads, eh?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 drives	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 drives	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 drives	punct
4	And	and	CCONJ	_	6 drives	cc
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 drives	nsubj
6	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 roads	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 roads	det
9	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 drives	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 eh	punct
11	eh	eh	INTJ	_	6 drives	discourse
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 drives	punct
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 drives	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive in a quote	present	Mum			the roads			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Sentence 3: What is Mum pointing out?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 pointing	obj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pointing	aux
3	Mum	Mum	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 pointing	nsubj
4	pointing	point	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 pointing	compound:prt
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 pointing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	point out	present · progressive	Mum						vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Dad doesn't pay any tax at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pay	nsubj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pay	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 pay	advmod
4	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	6 tax	det
6	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pay	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 pay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not pay	present · do-support	Dad	any tax		all			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset

Option 2

Roads are paid for by the car makers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 paid	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 paid	aux:pass
3	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	3 paid	compound:prt
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 makers	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 makers	det
7	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 makers	compound
8	makers	maker	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 paid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay for	present · passive	the car makers	Roads					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Asset

Option 3

The taxman drives on Dad's roads for free

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 taxman	det
2	taxman	taxman	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drives	nsubj
3	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	7 roads	case
5	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 roads	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Dad	case
7	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 drives	obl
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 free	case
9	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 drives	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	the taxman			Dad's roads		for free	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Taxes pay for things Dad uses, like roads

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Taxes	tax	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pay	nsubj
2	pay	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 things	case
4	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pay	obl
5	Dad	Dad	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 uses	nsubj
6	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 things	acl:relcl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 roads	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	9 roads	case
9	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 pay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	present	Taxes					for things; like roads	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for thing=Theme
2	use	present	Dad	things not said here					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/31-votes-parties-and-the-people-in-charge/t11/