Exam question 1 · Borrowing and debt

Which of the following most accurately characterises the consequence of remitting only the minimum payment upon a credit card balance?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: consequence · What happens: follow, characteris, remit · To what, where: consequence, minimum payment

This is exam question 1 of lesson 8 «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 consequence	det
9	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	of	of	SCONJ	_	11 remitting	mark
11	remitting	remit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 consequence	acl
12	only	only	ADV	_	15 payment	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 payment	det
14	minimum	minimum	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 payment	amod
15	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 remitting	obj
16	upon	upon	ADP	_	20 balance	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 balance	det
18	credit	credit	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 card	compound
19	card	card	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 balance	compound
20	balance	balance	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 payment	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the consequence	accurately property	tree rules
3	remit	gerund	the consequence not said here	the minimum payment	upon a card balance	vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent payment=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The lender is obliged to waive the remainder

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lender	det
2	lender	lender	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 obliged	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 obliged	aux:pass
4	obliged	oblige	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 waive	mark
6	waive	waive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 obliged	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 remainder	det
8	remainder	remainder	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 waive	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	oblige	present · passive		the lender					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result
2	waive	to-infinitive		the remainder					tree rules

Option 2

No interest whatsoever accrues upon the balance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 interest	det
2	interest	interest	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 accrues	nsubj
3	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	_	4 accrues	advmod
4	accrues	accrue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 balance	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 balance	det
7	balance	balance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 accrues	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	accrue	present	no interest					upon the balance; whatsoever property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The balance is extinguished within a single month of the first payment

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 balance	det
2	balance	balance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 extinguished	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 extinguished	aux:pass
4	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	within	within	ADP	_	8 month	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 month	det
7	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 month	amod
8	month	month	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 extinguished	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 payment	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 payment	det
11	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	12 payment	amod
12	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 month	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	extinguish	present · passive		the balance			month		vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The debt lasts a long time, as little more than the interest is discharged

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 debt	det
2	debt	debt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lasts	nsubj
3	lasts	last	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 time	det
5	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 time	amod
6	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lasts	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 more	punct
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 more	mark
9	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 more	obl:unmarked
10	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 lasts	conj
11	than	than	SCONJ	_	15 discharged	mark
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 interest	det
13	interest	interest	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 discharged	nsubj:pass
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 discharged	aux:pass
15	discharged	discharge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 more	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	last	present	the debt				time		vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme
2	discharge	present · passive		the interest					vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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