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Test 12 · ★★ · Borrowing and debt

Dad: "If we'd saved up first we'd have paid £800 less for this car." Why?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: we · What happens: save up, pay · To what, where: we

This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Borrowing and debt» of the adult life course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Dad: "If we'd saved up first we'd have paid £800 less for this car."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 paid	punct
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 paid	punct
4	If	if	SCONJ	_	7 saved	mark
5	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 saved	nsubj
6	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 saved	aux
7	saved	save	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	13 paid	advcl
8	up	up	ADP	_	7 saved	compound:prt
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 saved	advmod
10	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 paid	nsubj:pass
11	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 paid	aux
12	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 paid	aux
13	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Dad	parataxis
14	£	£	SYM	_	13 paid	obj
15	800	800	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 £	nummod
16	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	14 £	amod
17	for	for	ADP	_	19 car	case
18	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 car	det
19	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 less	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 £	punct
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 paid	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save up a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	would	we					first property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	pay in a quote	would · perfect · passive		we					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Recipient £=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Buying with a loan adds interest to the price

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Buying	buy	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 adds	csubj
2	with	with	ADP	_	4 loan	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 loan	det
4	loan	loan	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Buying	obl
5	adds	add	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	interest	interest	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 adds	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 price	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 price	det
9	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 adds	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	gerund						with a loan	vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	add speech: assert	present	Buying	interest				to the price	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent interest=Patient to price=Co-Patient

Option 2

Cars are always cheaper if you pay for them later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cheaper	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cheaper	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 cheaper	advmod
4	cheaper	cheap	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 pay	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 pay	nsubj
7	pay	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cheaper	advcl
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 them	case
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 pay	obl
10	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 pay	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Cars					always, cheap property	tree rules
2	pay a condition, not said to happen	present	you					for Cars = car; late property	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for they=Theme

Option 3

Saved money earns a discount at the garage

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Saved	save	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 money	amod
2	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 earns	nsubj
3	earns	earn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 discount	det
5	discount	discount	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 earns	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 garage	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 garage	det
8	garage	garage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 earns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save	participle							vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	earn	present	Saved money	a discount		the garage			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent discount=Theme at garage=Asset

Option 4

The loan company gave him a refund

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 company	det
2	loan	loan	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 company	compound
3	company	company	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gave	nsubj
4	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 gave	iobj
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 refund	det
7	refund	refund	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gave	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the loan company	a refund	him = he				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient refund=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/adult-life/8-borrowing-and-debt/t12/