Test 7 · The future: hopes
Sam says self-driving buses should start tomorrow. What is the wise answer?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Sam, driving buses, wise answer · What happens: say, drive, start, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 7 of lesson 24 «The future: hopes» of the AI course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Sam says self-driving buses should start tomorrow.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sam | Sam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 driving | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 self | punct |
| 5 | driving | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 buses | amod |
| 6 | buses | bus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 start | nsubj |
| 7 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 start | aux |
| 8 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 says | ccomp |
| 9 | tomorrow | tomorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 start | obl:unmarked |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Sam | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | drive | gerund | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | start | should | driving buses | tomorrow | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is the wise answer?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 answer | det |
| 4 | wise | wise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 answer | amod |
| 5 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the wise answer | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
No, buses can never be made safer
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 buses | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | buses | bus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 made | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 7 made | aux |
| 5 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 7 made | advmod |
| 6 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 made | aux:pass |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | safer | safe | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 made | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not make | can · passive | buses | safe property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
Option 2
Yes, but only on rainy days
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 7 days | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 days | cc |
| 4 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 days | advmod |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 days | case |
| 6 | rainy | rainy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 days | amod |
| 7 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
New technology must be proven safe before it's everywhere
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | New | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 technology | amod |
| 2 | technology | technology | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 proven | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 proven | aux |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 proven | aux:pass |
| 5 | proven | prove | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 proven | xcomp |
| 7 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 9 's | mark |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 's | nsubj |
| 9 | 's | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 proven | advcl |
| 10 | everywhere | everywhere | ADV | PronType=Tot | 9 's | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | prove | must · passive | New technology | safe property | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | be | present | technology | everywhere property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
Yes, because self-driving buses could never hurt anyone at all
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 10 hurt | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 hurt | punct |
| 3 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 10 hurt | mark |
| 4 | self | self | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 driving | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 self | punct |
| 6 | driving | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 buses | amod |
| 7 | buses | bus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 hurt | nsubj |
| 8 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 hurt | aux |
| 9 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 10 hurt | advmod |
| 10 | hurt | hurt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 hurt | obj |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 all | case |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 hurt | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | gerund | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | not hurt | could | driving buses | anyone | all | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anyone=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ai/24-future-hopes/t7/