Test 5 · ★★ · Street art and graffiti: legal walls vs vandalism
Jasmine's friend says "Ayo, I nearly stepped in it!" Why did she think it was a hole?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friend, Ayo, it · What happens: say, step, think, be · To what, where: Ayo, hole · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 19 «Street art and graffiti: legal walls vs vandalism» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Jasmine's friend says "Ayo, I nearly stepped in it!"
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jasmine | Jasmine | PROPN | _ | 3 friend | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Jasmine | case |
| 3 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 Ayo | punct |
| 6 | Ayo | Ayo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 says | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 stepped | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 stepped | nsubj |
| 9 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 10 stepped | advmod |
| 10 | stepped | step | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 says | ccomp |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 it | case |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 stepped | obl |
| 13 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 10 stepped | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 stepped | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: express | present | Jasmine's friend | Ayo | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | step in a quote | past | Jasmine's friend = friend | in friend; nearly property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why did she think it was a hole?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 think | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 think | aux |
| 3 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 think | nsubj |
| 4 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 hole | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 hole | cop |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 hole | det |
| 8 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 think | ccomp |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 think | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past · do-support | Ayo | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | it | a hole | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
There was a real hole hidden under the chalk
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 hole | det |
| 4 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hole | amod |
| 5 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 6 | hidden | hide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 hole | acl |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 9 chalk | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 chalk | det |
| 9 | chalk | chalk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hidden | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a real hole | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hide | participle | a real hole not said here | the chalk | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under chalk=Location |
Option 2
The chalk was wet cement
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chalk | det |
| 2 | chalk | chalk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cement | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 cement | cop |
| 4 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cement | amod |
| 5 | cement | cement | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the chalk | wet cement | tree rules |
Option 3
It was a puddle
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 puddle | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 puddle | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 puddle | det |
| 4 | puddle | puddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | It | a puddle | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Perspective tricks make chalk look deep from one spot
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Perspective | perspective | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 tricks | compound |
| 2 | tricks | trick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 make | nsubj |
| 3 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | chalk | chalk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 make | obj |
| 5 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 make | xcomp |
| 6 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 5 look | advmod |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 spot | case |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 spot | nummod |
| 9 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 look | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present | Perspective tricks | chalk | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | look | infinitive | chalk not said here | from one spot; deep property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent from spot=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/19-street-art-and-graffiti-legal-walls-vs-vandalism/t5/