Test 7 · ★ · Photography and phone cameras Dasha asks, "Hours? People had to sit still that long?" Which is true?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Dasha, People · What happens: ask, have, sit, be
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 20 «Photography and phone cameras» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Dasha asks, "Hours?
nsubj punct punct obl punct root Dasha PROPN asks VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT Hours NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dasha Dasha PROPN Number=Sing 2 asks nsubj 2 asks ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 Hours punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 5 Hours punct 5 Hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 2 asks obl 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 asks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask present Dasha hour vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: People had to sit still that long?"
nsubj mark xcomp advmod nsubj advmod punct punct root People NOUN had VERB to PART sit VERB still ADV that PRON long ADJ ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 sit mark 4 sit sit VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 had xcomp 5 still still ADV _ 4 sit advmod 6 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 long nsubj 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sit advmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 had punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past People tree rules 2 sit to-infinitive People not said here still vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: Which is true?
nsubj cop punct root Which PRON is AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which PRON PronType=Rel 3 true nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 The first photo was taken in 2007
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl root The DET first ADJ photo NOUN was AUX taken VERB in ADP 2007 NUM The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 photo det 2 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 photo amod 3 photo photo NOUN Number=Sing 5 taken nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 taken aux:pass 5 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 2007 case 7 2007 2007 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 taken obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past · passive the first photo 2007 vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in 2007=Location
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer The very first photograph needed hours or even days of light
det advmod amod nsubj obj cc advmod conj case nmod root The DET very ADV first ADJ photograph NOUN needed VERB hours NOUN or CCONJ even ADV days NOUN of ADP light NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 photograph det 2 very very ADV _ 3 first advmod 3 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 photograph amod 4 photograph photograph NOUN Number=Sing 5 needed nsubj 5 needed need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 5 needed obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 days cc 8 even even ADV _ 9 days advmod 9 days day NOUN Number=Plur 6 hours conj 10 of of ADP _ 11 light case 11 light light NOUN Number=Sing 9 days nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need past the first photograph hour vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
Option 3 Photos have always been instant, from the very first one
nsubj aux advmod cop punct case det advmod amod conj root Photos NOUN have AUX always ADV been AUX instant ADJ , PUNCT from ADP the DET very ADV first ADJ one NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 5 instant nsubj 2 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 instant aux 3 always always ADV PronType=Tot 5 instant advmod 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 instant cop 5 instant instant ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 one punct 7 from from ADP _ 11 one case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 one det 9 very very ADV _ 10 first advmod 10 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 11 one amod 11 one one NOUN Number=Sing 5 instant conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present · perfect Photos always, instant property tree rules
Option 4 Old cameras took a picture in one second
amod nsubj det obj case nummod obl root Old ADJ cameras NOUN took VERB a DET picture NOUN in ADP one NUM second NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 cameras amod 2 cameras camera NOUN Number=Plur 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 picture det 5 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 second case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 second nummod 8 second second NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past Old cameras a picture second vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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