Exam question 1 · Dance: from TikTok dances to ballet

Identify the principal reason for which teachers delay the commencement of dancing en pointe.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, teachers, commencement · What happens: identify, delay, dance · To what, where: principal reason, commencement, en pointe

This is exam question 1 of lesson 29 «Dance: from TikTok dances to ballet» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 delay	obl
7	teachers	teacher	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 delay	nsubj
8	delay	delay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 commencement	det
10	commencement	commencement	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 delay	obj
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	12 dancing	mark
12	dancing	dance	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 commencement	acl
13	en	en	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 pointe	compound
14	pointe	pointe	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 dancing	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	delay	present	teachers	the commencement	for the principal reason	vn delay-53.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent commencement=Source
3	dance	gerund	the commencement not said here	en pointe		vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pointe=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The toes cease growing early

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 toes	det
2	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 cease	nsubj
3	cease	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	growing	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 cease	xcomp
5	early	early	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 growing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cease	present	the toes						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	grow	gerund	the toes not said here					early property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The feet must first gain strength

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 feet	det
2	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 gain	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 gain	aux
4	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 gain	advmod
5	gain	gain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 gain	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gain	must	the feet	strength				first property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Theme

Option 3

The requisite shoes are available exclusively to adults by regulation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 shoes	det
2	requisite	requisite	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shoes	compound
3	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 available	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 available	cop
5	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	5 available	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 adults	case
8	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 available	obl
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 regulation	case
10	regulation	regulation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 available	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the requisite shoes					to adults; by regulation; available, exclusively property	tree rules

Option 4

The practice is prohibited by law before the attainment of adulthood

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 practice	det
2	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prohibited	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 prohibited	aux:pass
4	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 law	case
6	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prohibited	obl
7	before	before	ADP	_	9 attainment	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 attainment	det
9	attainment	attainment	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 prohibited	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 adulthood	case
11	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 attainment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prohibit	present · passive	law	the practice			before the attainment of adulthood		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme
2	attain			adulthood					nom attainment «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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