Exam question 1 · Buildings and architecture

Identify the principal reason for which very tall buildings are designed to sway modestly in the wind.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, design, sway · To what, where: principal reason, tall buildings, wind

This is exam question 1 of lesson 34 «Buildings and architecture» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 designed	obl
7	very	very	ADV	_	8 tall	advmod
8	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 buildings	amod
9	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 designed	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 designed	aux:pass
11	designed	design	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 sway	mark
13	sway	sway	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 designed	xcomp
14	modestly	modestly	ADV	_	13 sway	advmod
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 wind	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 wind	det
17	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sway	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	design	present · passive		tall buildings		for the principal reason	tree rules
3	sway	to-infinitive			the wind	modestly property	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Swaying is required solely for decorative effect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Swaying	sway	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 required	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 effect	case
6	decorative	decorative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 effect	amod
7	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sway	gerund							vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	require	present · passive						for decorative effect; solely property	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition

Option 2

Tall buildings are insensitive to wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 buildings	amod
2	buildings	building	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 insensitive	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 insensitive	cop
4	insensitive	insensitive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 wind	mark
6	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 insensitive	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Tall buildings					insensitive property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Limited flexibility prevents the structure from cracking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Limited	limited	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 flexibility	amod
2	flexibility	flexibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prevents	nsubj
3	prevents	prevent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 structure	det
5	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prevents	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 cracking	case
7	cracking	cracking	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 prevents	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevent	present	Limited flexibility	the structure		cracking			vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer structure=Beneficiary from cracking=Eventuality

Option 4

Movement indicates imminent collapse

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Movement	Movement	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	imminent	imminent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 collapse	amod
4	collapse	collapse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	Movement	imminent collapse					vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot collapse=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/arts/34-buildings-and-architecture/e1/