Exam question 2 · Buildings and architecture

Which of the following most accurately characterises the visibility of the Great Wall of China from the Moon?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: visibility, Moon

This is exam question 2 of lesson 34 «Buildings and architecture» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 characterises	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 characterises	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 characterises	csubj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 visibility	det
9	visibility	visibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 Wall	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Wall	det
12	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Wall	amod
13	Wall	Wall	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 visibility	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 China	case
15	China	China	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Wall	nmod
16	from	from	ADP	_	18 Moon	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Moon	det
18	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 visibility	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the visibility of the Great Wall of China		the Moon		accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is readily visible as the sole human structure discernible from the Moon

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 visible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 visible	cop
3	readily	readily	ADV	_	4 visible	advmod
4	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 discernible	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 discernible	det
7	sole	sole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 discernible	amod
8	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 discernible	amod
9	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 discernible	compound
10	discernible	discernible	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 visible	ccomp
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 Moon	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Moon	det
13	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 discernible	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					readily, visible property	tree rules

Option 2

It is visible solely during the hours of darkness owing to its illumination

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 visible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 visible	cop
3	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 visible	advmod
5	during	during	ADP	_	7 hours	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hours	det
7	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 visible	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 darkness	case
9	darkness	darkness	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hours	nmod
10	owing	owe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 visible	parataxis
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 illumination	case
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 illumination	nmod:poss
13	illumination	illumination	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 owing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It	hour	solely, visible property	tree rules
2	owe	gerund			to darkness's illumination goal	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to illumination=Goal
3	illuminate		darkness			nom illumination «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

It is discernible even from Mars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 discernible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 discernible	cop
3	discernible	discernible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	even	even	ADV	_	6 Mars	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 Mars	case
6	Mars	Mars	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 discernible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			Mars		discernible property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is too narrow to be seen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 narrow	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 narrow	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 narrow	advmod
4	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 seen	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 seen	aux:pass
7	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 narrow	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					narrow property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive · passive							vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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