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Test 1 · Copying vs being inspired: tracing, covers, giving credit

Your mate goes, "Singing someone else's song is stealing, innit." What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, Singing, someone, best answer · What happens: go, sing, steal, innit, be · To what, where: song · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 35 «Copying vs being inspired: tracing, covers, giving credit» of the arts course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate goes, "Singing someone else's song is stealing, innit."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 goes	nsubj
3	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Singing	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Singing	punct
6	Singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 stealing	csubj
7	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 song	nmod:poss
8	else	else	ADV	_	7 someone	advmod
9	's	's	PART	_	7 someone	case
10	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Singing	obj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 stealing	aux
12	stealing	steal	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 goes	parataxis
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 innit	punct
14	innit	innit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 goes	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 goes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	sing speech: express in a quote	gerund		someone's song					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
3	steal in a quote	present · progressive	Singing						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	innit in a quote	infinitive	Your mate not said here						tree rules
5	sing in a quote		someone						nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1

Only famous singers are allowed to do covers, not school kids

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 singers	advmod
2	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 singers	amod
3	singers	singer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 allowed	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 allowed	aux:pass
5	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 do	mark
7	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 allowed	xcomp
8	covers	cover	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 do	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 kids	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 kids	advmod
11	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 kids	compound
12	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 allowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		famous singers				school kids obl	vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	do not said to happen	to-infinitive	famous singers not said here	covers					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cover=Eventuality

Option 2

Covers are only allowed when you sing quietly in the shower

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Covers	cover	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 allowed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allowed	aux:pass
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 allowed	advmod
4	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 sing	advmod
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 sing	nsubj
7	sing	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 allowed	advcl
8	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	7 sing	advmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 shower	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 shower	det
11	shower	shower	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	allow	present · passive		Covers					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
2	sing speech: express	present	you			the shower		quietly property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shower=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Covers are normal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Covers	cover	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 normal	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 normal	cop
3	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Covers					normal property	tree rules

Option 4

He is right, nobody is allowed to sing anybody else's songs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 allowed	punct
5	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	7 allowed	nsubj:pass
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 allowed	aux:pass
7	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 right	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 sing	mark
9	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 allowed	xcomp
10	anybody	anybody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	13 songs	nmod:poss
11	else	else	ADV	_	10 anybody	advmod
12	's	's	PART	_	10 anybody	case
13	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 sing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	allow	present · passive		nobody					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
3	sing speech: express not said to happen	to-infinitive	nobody not said here	anybody's songs					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
4	sing		anybody						nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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