Test 2 · ★★★ · Rivers, lakes and ponds

«cartoon otter cracking shells on its tummy in the river, cute» Which is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon otter, river · What happens: crack, be · To what, where: shells, tummy

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 cracking	punct
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 otter	compound
3	otter	otter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cracking	nsubj
4	cracking	crack	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	shells	shell	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cracking	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 tummy	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tummy	nmod:poss
8	tummy	tummy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cracking	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 river	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 river	det
11	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cracking	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 cute	punct
13	cute	cute	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 river	amod
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	13 cute	punct
15	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 right	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 right	cop
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 river	acl:relcl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 cracking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crack in a quote	gerund	cartoon otter	shells		otter's tummy		in the river	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Theme
2	is	present	the river					right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Only beavers do that

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 beavers	advmod
2	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 do	nsubj
3	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	beavers	that					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

That is a sea otter trick; river otters do not do it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 trick	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 trick	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 trick	det
4	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 otter	compound
5	otter	otter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 trick	compound
6	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 do	punct
8	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 otters	compound
9	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 do	nsubj
10	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 do	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 do	advmod
12	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 trick	parataxis
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	That	a otter trick					tree rules
2	not do	present · do-support	river otters	trick					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Option 3

No otter ever uses stones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 otter	det
2	otter	otter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 uses	nsubj
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	4 uses	advmod
4	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 uses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	no otter	stones			ever		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient

Option 4

All otters do it, in rivers and in the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 otters	det
2	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 do	nsubj
3	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 do	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 rivers	punct
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 rivers	case
7	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 do	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 sea	cc
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 sea	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sea	det
11	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rivers	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	all otters	it		rivers and the sea			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/t2/