Test 3 · ★★★ · Rivers, lakes and ponds

What would happen to the fish in a lake if ice sank instead of floating?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ice · What happens: happen, sink, float · To what, where: lake

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Rivers, lakes and ponds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 fish	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fish	det
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 lake	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 lake	det
9	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
10	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 sank	mark
11	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sank	nsubj
12	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
13	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	15 floating	mark
14	of	of	ADP	_	13 instead	fixed
15	floating	float	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 sank	advcl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	happen	would		a lake	to the fish	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in lake=Location
2	sink a condition, not said to happen	past	ice			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	float	gerund	ice not said here			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The fish would live on top of the sunken ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fish	det
2	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 live	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 live	aux
4	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 top	case
6	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 live	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 ice	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ice	det
9	sunken	sunken	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ice	amod
10	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 top	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	would	the fish			top of the sunken ice			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on top=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The lake would freeze from the bottom up, and many fish could not survive

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lake	det
2	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 freeze	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 freeze	aux
4	freeze	freeze	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 bottom	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bottom	det
7	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 freeze	obl
8	up	up	ADP	_	4 freeze	compound:prt
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 survive	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 survive	cc
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 fish	amod
12	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 survive	nsubj
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 survive	aux
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 survive	advmod
15	survive	survive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 freeze	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	freeze up	would	the lake			the bottom			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	not survive	could	many fish						vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Nothing, fish like ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 fish	punct
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Nothing	conj
4	like	like	ADP	_	5 ice	case
5	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fish	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

The lake would slowly turn into a river and flow away down to the sea

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lake	det
2	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turn	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 turn	aux
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	5 turn	advmod
5	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	into	into	ADP	_	8 river	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 river	det
8	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 turn	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 flow	cc
10	flow	flow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 turn	conj
11	away	away	ADV	_	10 flow	advmod
12	down	down	ADV	_	10 flow	advmod
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 sea	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sea	det
15	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 flow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	would	the lake			a river		slowly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into river=Trajectory
2	flow away	infinitive	the lake not said here					to the sea; away, down property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/10-rivers-lakes-and-ponds/t3/