Exam question 2 · The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and d…

Identify the condition of the newborn kangaroo at birth.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, condition · To what, where: condition, newborn kangaroo

This is exam question 2 of lesson 103 «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 condition	det
3	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 kangaroo	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 kangaroo	det
6	newborn	newborn	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kangaroo	amod
7	kangaroo	kangaroo	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 condition	nmod
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 birth	case
9	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kangaroo	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the condition of the newborn kangaroo at birth					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent condition=Theme
2	condition			the newborn kangaroo at birth					nom condition «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It hatches from an egg laid upon the ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 hatches	nsubj
2	hatches	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 egg	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 egg	det
5	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hatches	obl
6	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 egg	acl
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 ground	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ground	det
9	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 laid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hatch	present	It					from a egg	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from egg=Patient
2	lay	participle		a egg not said here		the ground			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon ground=Destination

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is approximately the size of a jelly bean and completes its growth within the pouch

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 size	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 size	cop
3	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	5 size	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 size	det
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 bean	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 bean	det
8	jelly	jelly	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bean	compound
9	bean	bean	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 size	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 completes	cc
11	completes	complete	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 size	conj
12	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 growth	nmod:poss
13	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 completes	obj
14	within	within	ADP	_	16 pouch	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 pouch	det
16	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 completes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the size	of a jelly bean; approximately property	tree rules
2	complete	present		bean's growth	within the pouch	vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent growth=Eventuality
3	grow		bean			nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

It is born fully furred and capable of hopping

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 born	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 born	aux:pass
3	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	fully	fully	ADV	_	5 furred	advmod
5	furred	fur	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 born	advcl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 capable	cc
7	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 born	conj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 hopping	case
9	hopping	hopping	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 capable	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		It					vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	fur	participle						fully property	tree rules

Option 4

It is approximately the size of a domestic cat and walks at once beside its mother

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 size	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 size	cop
3	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	5 size	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 size	det
5	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 cat	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cat	det
8	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 cat	amod
9	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 size	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 walks	cc
11	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 size	conj
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 once	case
13	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	11 walks	obl
14	beside	beside	ADP	_	16 mother	case
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 mother	nmod:poss
16	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 walks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the size				of a domestic cat; approximately property	tree rules
2	walk	present						beside cat's mother	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/103-the-australian-walkabout-kangaroos-emus-wallabies-dingoes/e2/