Test 10 · ★★ · Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus

Why is the koala not a bear, even though cartoons call it one?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoons · What happens: be, call · To what, where: koala · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 104 «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 koala	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 koala	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 koala	det
4	koala	koala	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bear	nsubj
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 bear	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bear	det
7	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 call	punct
9	even	even	ADV	_	12 call	advmod
10	though	though	SCONJ	_	12 call	mark
11	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 call	nsubj
12	call	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 bear	acl:relcl
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 call	obj
14	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 call	xcomp
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 bear	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the koala					tree rules
2	call	present	cartoons	koala					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is too small to be a bear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 small	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 small	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 small	advmod
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	8 bear	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 bear	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 bear	det
8	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 small	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					small property	tree rules
2	is a	to-infinitive		a bear					tree rules

Option 2

Bears do not live in trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bears	bear	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 live	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 live	advmod
4	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 trees	case
6	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not live	present · do-support	Bears			trees			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location

Option 3

It cannot growl or roar like a real bear does

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 growl	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 growl	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 growl	advmod
4	growl	growl	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 roar	cc
6	roar	roar	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 growl	conj
7	like	like	ADP	_	10 bear	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 bear	det
9	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bear	amod
10	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 roar	obl
11	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 growl	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	not growl	can	It		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	roar	infinitive		like a real bear	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	do	present			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It is a marsupial whose baby grows in a pouch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 marsupial	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 marsupial	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 marsupial	det
4	marsupial	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	6 baby	nmod:poss
6	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	nsubj
7	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 marsupial	acl:relcl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 pouch	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 pouch	det
10	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a marsupial					tree rules
2	grow	present	baby			a pouch			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/t10/