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Test 11 · ★★ · Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus

A sugar glider and a flying squirrel both glide. What does this show?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: sugar glider, this · What happens: fly, glide, show

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 104 «Koalas, wombats, Tasmanian devils and the platypus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A sugar glider and a flying squirrel both glide.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 glider	det
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 glider	compound
3	glider	glider	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 glide	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 squirrel	cc
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 squirrel	det
6	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 squirrel	amod
7	squirrel	squirrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 glider	conj
8	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	9 glide	nsubj
9	glide	glide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 glide	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	gerund							vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	glide	present	a sugar glider and a flying squirrel						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1

Gliding animals are all rodents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gliding	glide	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 animals	amod
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rodents	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rodents	cop
4	all	all	ADV	_	5 rodents	advmod
5	rodents	rodent	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glide	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	Gliding animals	rodents				all property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Different animals can evolve the same trick separately

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 animals	amod
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 evolve	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 evolve	aux
4	evolve	evolve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 trick	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 trick	amod
7	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 evolve	obj
8	separately	separately	ADV	_	4 evolve	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	evolve	can	Different animals	the same trick				separately property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location trick=Theme

Option 3

The sugar glider copied the squirrel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 glider	det
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 glider	compound
3	glider	glider	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 copied	nsubj
4	copied	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 squirrel	det
6	squirrel	squirrel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 copied	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	past	the sugar glider	the squirrel					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent squirrel=Theme

Option 4

They are exactly the same animal living on two continents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 animal	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 animal	cop
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 animal	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 animal	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 animal	amod
6	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	living	live	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 animal	acl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 continents	case
9	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 continents	nummod
10	continents	continent	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 living	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	the same animal				exactly property	tree rules
2	live	gerund	the same animal not said here			two continents			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on continent=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/104-koalas-wombats-tasmanian-devils-and-the-platypus/t11/