Exam question 3 · The polar zone: polar bears

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the source of water for the polar bear.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, source

This is exam question 3 of lesson 105 «The polar zone: polar bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 source	det
11	source	source	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 water	case
13	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 source	nmod
14	for	for	ADP	_	17 bear	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 bear	det
16	polar	polar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 bear	amod
17	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the source of water	for the polar bear	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus source=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It drinks fresh water from frozen lakes and rivers throughout the year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drinks	nsubj
2	drinks	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 water	amod
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drinks	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 lakes	case
6	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 lakes	amod
7	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drinks	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rivers	cc
9	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lakes	conj
10	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	12 year	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 year	det
12	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drinks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present	It	fresh water		frozen lakes and rivers	year		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient
2	freeze	participle							vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It obtains the greater part of its water from breaking down seal fat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 obtains	nsubj
2	obtains	obtain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 part	det
4	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 part	amod
5	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 obtains	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 water	nmod:poss
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 part	nmod
9	from	from	SCONJ	_	10 breaking	mark
10	breaking	break	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 obtains	advcl
11	down	down	ADP	_	10 breaking	compound:prt
12	seal	seal	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 fat	compound
13	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 breaking	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	obtain	present	It	the greater part of part's water					vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset part=Theme
2	break down	gerund		seal fat					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Patient

Option 3

It requires sweetened liquids supplied by man

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 requires	nsubj
2	requires	require	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sweetened	sweeten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 liquids	amod
4	liquids	liquid	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 requires	obj
5	supplied	supply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 liquids	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 man	case
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 supplied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	require	present	It	sweetened liquids		vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme liquid=Precondition
2	sweeten	participle				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	supply	participle		sweetened liquids not said here	by man	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It drinks seawater in considerable quantities daily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drinks	nsubj
2	drinks	drink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	seawater	seawater	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 drinks	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 quantities	case
5	considerable	considerable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 quantities	amod
6	quantities	quantity	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drinks	obl
7	daily	daily	ADV	_	2 drinks	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	present	It	seawater		considerable quantities		daily property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seawater=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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