Exam question 3 · The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and rei…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the antlers of the reindeer.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, antlers

This is exam question 3 of lesson 106 «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 antlers	det
11	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 reindeer	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 reindeer	det
14	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 antlers	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the antlers of the reindeer		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus antler=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Both sexes grow antlers, and the females retain theirs through the winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 sexes	det
2	sexes	sex	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	nsubj
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grow	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 retain	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 retain	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 females	det
8	females	female	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 retain	nsubj
9	retain	retain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	conj
10	theirs	their	PRON	Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 retain	obj
11	through	through	ADP	_	13 winter	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 winter	det
13	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 retain	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	both sexes	antlers					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme
2	retain	present	the females	antlers = antler			winter		tree rules

Option 2

Only the males grow antlers, which they retain throughout the whole of the year

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 males	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 males	det
3	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grow	nsubj
4	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 grow	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 retain	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 retain	obj
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 retain	nsubj
9	retain	retain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 antlers	acl:relcl
10	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	12 whole	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 whole	det
12	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 grow	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 year	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 year	det
15	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 whole	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the males	antlers			throughout the whole		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme
2	retain	present	males = male	antlers					tree rules

Option 3

Only the young of either sex grow antlers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 young	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 young	det
3	young	young	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grow	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 sex	case
5	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	6 sex	det
6	sex	sex	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 young	nmod
7	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grow	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	the young of either sex	antlers					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme

Option 4

Neither sex grows antlers in captivity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	2 sex	det
2	sex	sex	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grows	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 captivity	case
6	captivity	captivity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	neither sex	antlers		captivity			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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