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Test 3 · The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and rei…

Adult male reindeer usually drop their antlers in early winter. What does this suggest about reindeer with antlers at Christmas?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Adult male reindeer, this · What happens: drop, suggest · To what, where: antlers

This is test 3 of lesson 106 «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Adult male reindeer usually drop their antlers in early winter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reindeer	amod
2	male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reindeer	amod
3	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 drop	nsubj
4	usually	usually	ADV	_	5 drop	advmod
5	drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 antlers	nmod:poss
7	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 drop	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 winter	case
9	early	early	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 winter	amod
10	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drop	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 drop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	present	Adult male reindeer	reindeer's antlers			winter	usually property	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antler=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this suggest about reindeer with antlers at Christmas?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 suggest	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 suggest	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 suggest	nsubj
4	suggest	suggest	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 reindeer	case
6	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 suggest	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 antlers	case
8	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 reindeer	nmod
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 Christmas	case
10	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 reindeer	nmod
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 suggest	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suggest speech: suggest	present · do-support	this					about reindeer with antlers at Christmas	vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They must be moose

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 moose	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 moose	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 moose	cop
4	moose	moose	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	must	They	moose					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Many of them are probably females

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 females	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 them	case
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Many	nmod
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 females	cop
5	probably	probably	ADV	_	6 females	advmod
6	females	female	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Many of them	females				probably property	tree rules

Option 3

They are all babies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 babies	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 babies	cop
3	all	all	ADV	_	4 babies	advmod
4	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	babies				all property	tree rules

Option 4

They are all very old males

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 males	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 males	cop
3	all	all	ADV	_	6 males	advmod
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 old	advmod
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 males	amod
6	males	male	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	old males				all property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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