Test 4 · The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and rei…

In an old Disney film lemmings throw themselves off a cliff. What really happened?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: lemmings · What happens: throw off, happen · To what, where: lemmings, old Disney film

This is test 4 of lesson 106 «The polar zone: arctic foxes, snowy owls, lemmings and reindeer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In an old Disney film lemmings throw themselves off a cliff.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	5 film	case
2	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 film	det
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 film	amod
4	Disney	Disney	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 film	compound
5	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 throw	obl
6	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 throw	nsubj
7	throw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	7 throw	obj
9	off	off	ADP	_	7 throw	compound:prt
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 cliff	det
11	cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 throw	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 throw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw off	present	lemmings	lemmings = lemming		a old Disney film			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Destination cliff=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happened?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happened	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happened	advmod
3	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Lemmings really do it every year in spring when food runs out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 do	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 do	advmod
3	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 do	obj
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 year	det
6	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 do	obl:unmarked
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 spring	case
8	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 do	obl
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 runs	advmod
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 runs	nsubj
11	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 do	advcl
12	out	out	ADP	_	11 runs	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	Lemmings	it			spring; year		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
2	run out	present	food						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It was a cartoon, and real lemmings fly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 cartoon	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cartoon	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 cartoon	det
4	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 fly	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 fly	cc
7	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lemmings	amod
8	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 fly	nsubj
9	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cartoon	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a cartoon					tree rules
2	fly	present	real lemmings	a cartoon not said here					vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cartoon=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The film makers pushed them; real lemmings do not do that

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 makers	det
2	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 makers	compound
3	makers	maker	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pushed	nsubj
4	pushed	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 pushed	obj
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 do	punct
7	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lemmings	amod
8	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 do	nsubj
9	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 do	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 do	advmod
11	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 pushed	conj
12	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push	past	the film makers	them = they					vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
2	not do	present · do-support	real lemmings	that					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality

Option 4

They jump to fly to the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 jump	nsubj
2	jump	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 fly	mark
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 jump	advcl
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 sea	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sea	det
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	present	They						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fly	to-infinitive	They not said here					to the sea result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to sea=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/106-the-polar-zone-arctic-foxes-snowy-owls-lemmings-reindeer/t4/