Test 11 · Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs

A mangrove seedling drops into the tide instead of the mud. What can happen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: mangrove seedling · What happens: drop, happen · To what, where: tide

This is test 11 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A mangrove seedling drops into the tide instead of the mud.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 seedling	det
2	mangrove	mangrove	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 seedling	compound
3	seedling	seedling	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drops	nsubj
4	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 tide	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 tide	det
7	tide	tide	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drops	obl
8	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=ADP	11 mud	case
9	of	of	ADP	_	8 instead	fixed
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mud	det
11	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drops	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 drops	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	present	a mangrove seedling			the tide		instead the mud	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into tide=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What can happen?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	can							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It can float for months and take root on a faraway shore

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 float	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 float	aux
3	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 months	case
5	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 float	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 take	cc
7	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 float	conj
8	root	root	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 take	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	12 shore	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 shore	det
11	faraway	faraway	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 shore	amod
12	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 take	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	can	It				month		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	take	present		root		a faraway shore			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent root=Theme on shore=Destination

Option 2

It sinks to the bottom and grows on the seabed among the fish and the coral

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 bottom	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bottom	det
5	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sinks	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 grows	cc
7	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sinks	conj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 seabed	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 seabed	det
10	seabed	seabed	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	obl
11	among	among	ADP	_	13 fish	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 fish	det
13	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grows	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 coral	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 coral	det
16	coral	coral	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 fish	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	It					to the bottom	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	grow	present				the seabed		among the fish and the coral	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on seabed=Location

Option 3

It turns back into a seed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 turns	nsubj
2	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	back	back	ADV	_	2 turns	advmod
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 seed	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 seed	det
6	seed	seed	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 turns	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn back	present	It			a seed			vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It dies at once in the salty water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 dies	nsubj
2	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 once	case
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 dies	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 water	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
7	salty	salty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 water	amod
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dies	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	present	It					in the salty water	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in water=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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