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Test 3 · Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs

In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapping at him. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Venus flytrap, jungle · What happens: chase, snap, be · To what, where: hero, cartoon

This is test 3 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a Venus flytrap chases the hero through a jungle snapping at him.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 chases	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 flytrap	det
6	Venus	Venus	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 flytrap	compound
7	flytrap	flytrap	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 chases	nsubj
8	chases	chase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 hero	det
10	hero	hero	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 chases	obj
11	through	through	ADP	_	13 jungle	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 jungle	det
13	jungle	jungle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 chases	obl
14	snapping	snap	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 jungle	acl
15	at	at	ADP	_	16 him	case
16	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 snapping	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 chases	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase	present	a Venus flytrap	the hero		a cartoon		through a jungle	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hero=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory
2	snap	gerund	a jungle not said here					at flytrap	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at he=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Nothing, they hunt large animals in jungles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 hunt	vocative
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hunt	nsubj
4	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 animals	amod
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hunt	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 jungles	case
8	jungles	jungle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hunt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	present	they	large animals		jungles		Nothing vocative	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent animal=Theme in jungle=Location

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is a small plant of Carolina bogs that cannot move or eat people

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 plant	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 plant	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 plant	det
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 plant	amod
5	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 bogs	case
7	Carolina	Carolina	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 bogs	compound
8	bogs	bog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 plant	nmod
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 move	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 move	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 move	advmod
12	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 bogs	acl:relcl
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 eat	cc
14	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 move	conj
15	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a small plant				of Carolina bogs	tree rules
2	not move	can	Carolina bogs						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	eat	infinitive	Carolina bogs not said here	people					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient

Option 3

It should be chasing him underwater

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 chasing	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 chasing	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 chasing	aux
4	chasing	chase	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 chasing	obj
6	underwater	underwater	ADV	_	4 chasing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase	should · progressive	It	him = he				underwater property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Option 4

It should be smaller, but it does live in jungles and can walk about slowly at night

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 smaller	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 smaller	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 smaller	cop
4	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 live	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 live	cc
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 live	nsubj
8	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 live	aux
9	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 smaller	parataxis
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 jungles	case
11	jungles	jungle	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 live	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 walk	cc
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 walk	aux
14	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 live	conj
15	about	about	ADV	_	16 slowly	advmod
16	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	14 walk	advmod
17	at	at	ADP	_	18 night	case
18	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 walk	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	should	It					small property	tree rules
2	live	present · do-support	it			jungles			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in jungle=Location
3	walk	can					night	slowly property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/t3/