Exam question 3 · Feeding times and the zoo kitchen

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the purpose of dusting insects with a powder prior to feeding?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: purpose · What happens: follow, characteris, dust, feed · To what, where: purpose, insects

This is exam question 3 of lesson 111 «Feeding times and the zoo kitchen» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 purpose	det
10	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	SCONJ	_	12 dusting	mark
12	dusting	dust	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 purpose	acl
13	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 dusting	obj
14	with	with	ADP	_	16 powder	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 powder	det
16	powder	powder	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 dusting	obl
17	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ	19 feeding	mark
18	to	to	ADP	_	17 prior	fixed
19	feeding	feed	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 characterises	advcl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the purpose		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	dust	gerund	the purpose not said here		insects	with a powder	vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent insect=Destination with powder=Theme
4	feed	gerund					vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It supplies vitamins and calcium in which insects alone are deficient

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 supplies	nsubj
2	supplies	supply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	vitamins	vitamin	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 supplies	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 calcium	cc
5	calcium	calcium	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 vitamins	conj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 insects	case
7	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	8 insects	det
8	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 supplies	obl
9	alone	alone	ADV	_	2 supplies	advmod
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 deficient	cop
11	deficient	deficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 supplies	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	supply	present	It	vitamins and calcium				in which insects; alone property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vitamin=Recipient
2	is	present						deficient property	tree rules

Option 2

It renders the insects invisible to the predator

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 renders	nsubj
2	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 insects	det
4	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 renders	obj
5	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 renders	xcomp
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 predator	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 predator	det
8	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 invisible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present	It	the insects				invisible property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme

Option 3

It imparts a sweet flavour preferred by reptiles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 imparts	nsubj
2	imparts	impart	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 flavour	det
4	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 flavour	amod
5	flavour	flavour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 imparts	obj
6	preferred	prefer	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 flavour	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 reptiles	case
8	reptiles	reptile	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 preferred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	impart	present	It	a sweet flavour					tree rules
2	prefer	participle		a sweet flavour not said here				by reptiles	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

It sedates the insects for the convenience of the keeper and the reptile

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sedates	nsubj
2	sedates	sedate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 insects	det
4	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sedates	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 convenience	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 convenience	det
7	convenience	convenience	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sedates	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 keeper	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 keeper	det
10	keeper	keeper	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 convenience	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 reptile	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 reptile	det
13	reptile	reptile	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 keeper	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sedate	present	It	the insects				for the convenience of the keeper and the reptile	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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