Exam question 4 · Feeding times and the zoo kitchen

Determine the reason for which visitors are prohibited from casting food to animals.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: determine, prohibit, cast · To what, where: reason, visitors, food, animals

This is exam question 4 of lesson 111 «Feeding times and the zoo kitchen» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Determine	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 prohibited	obl
6	visitors	visitor	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 prohibited	nsubj:pass
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 prohibited	aux:pass
8	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 reason	acl:relcl
9	from	from	SCONJ	_	10 casting	mark
10	casting	cast	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 prohibited	advcl
11	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 casting	obj
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 animals	case
13	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 casting	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here	the reason			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	prohibit	present · passive		visitors		for the reason	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	cast	gerund		food	animals		vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent food=Theme to animal=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The institution wishes solely to protect the sale of its own refreshments

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 institution	det
2	institution	institution	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wishes	nsubj
3	wishes	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 wishes	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 protect	mark
6	protect	protect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 wishes	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sale	det
8	sale	sale	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 protect	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 refreshments	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 refreshments	nmod:poss
11	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 refreshments	amod
12	refreshments	refreshment	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 sale	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wish	present	the institution					solely property	vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	protect	to-infinitive	the institution not said here	the sale of institution's own refreshments					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sale=Beneficiary

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Unmeasured food may poison or fatten animals and transmit pathogens

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Unmeasured	unmeasured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 food	amod
2	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 poison	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 poison	aux
4	poison	poison	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 fatten	cc
6	fatten	fatten	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 poison	conj
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fatten	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 transmit	cc
9	transmit	transmit	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 poison	conj
10	pathogens	pathogen	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 transmit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	poison	may	Unmeasured food		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	fatten	infinitive	Unmeasured food not said here	animals	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent animal=Patient
3	transmit	present	Unmeasured food not said here	pathogens	vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pathogen=Theme

Option 3

Animals are by nature incapable of consuming human food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 incapable	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 incapable	cop
3	by	by	ADP	_	5 incapable	case
4	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 incapable	compound
5	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 consuming	mark
7	consuming	consume	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 incapable	acl
8	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 food	amod
9	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consuming	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Animals					by nature incapable	tree rules
2	consume	gerund	nature incapable not said here	human food					vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Asset

Option 4

The animals are already provided with an excess of food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 animals	det
2	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 provided	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 provided	aux:pass
4	already	already	ADV	_	5 provided	advmod
5	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 excess	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 excess	det
8	excess	excess	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 provided	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 food	case
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 excess	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide	present · passive		the animals				with a excess of food	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-2 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: subject=Recipient with excess=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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