Test 12 · ★★ · How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing

«why do small hunters like cats have slit eyes but lions round ones» What is the best idea?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: small hunters · What happens: slit, be · To what, where: eyes, best idea

This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 do	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 do	advmod
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 idea	discourse
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hunters	amod
5	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 slit	nsubj
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 cats	case
7	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hunters	nmod
8	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 slit	aux
9	slit	slit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 do	acl:relcl
10	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 slit	obj
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 lions	cc
12	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 eyes	conj
13	round	round	ADP	_	14 ones	case
14	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 slit	obl
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 do	punct
16	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 idea	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 idea	cop
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 idea	det
19	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	20 idea	amod
20	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	20 idea	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	slit in a quote	present · perfect	small hunters like cats	eyes but lions				round ones	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient
2	is a	present		the best idea					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Slit eyes help cats eat grass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slit	slit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 eyes	amod
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	nsubj
3	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	obj
5	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 help	xcomp
6	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Slit eyes	cats					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent cat=Beneficiary clause=Theme
2	eat	infinitive	cats not said here	grass					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Round eyes are only for animals with big teeth and loud roars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 eyes	amod
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 animals	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 animals	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 animals	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 animals	case
6	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 teeth	case
8	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 teeth	amod
9	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 animals	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 roars	cc
11	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 roars	amod
12	roars	roar	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 teeth	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Round eyes					for animals; with big teeth and loud roars	tree rules

Option 3

Lions are blind in daylight, so they need round eyes for the night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 blind	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 blind	cop
3	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 daylight	case
5	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blind	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 need	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 need	advmod
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 need	nsubj
9	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 blind	parataxis
10	round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 eyes	amod
11	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 need	obj
12	for	for	ADP	_	14 night	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 night	det
14	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 need	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lions			daylight		blind property	tree rules
2	need	present	Lions = lion	round eyes			night		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot eye=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Slit pupils suit small animals hunting both in sunlight and at dusk

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slit	slit	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pupils	amod
2	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 suit	nsubj
3	suit	suit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animals	amod
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 suit	obj
6	hunting	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 animals	acl
7	both	both	CCONJ	_	9 sunlight	cc:preconj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 sunlight	case
9	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hunting	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 dusk	cc
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 dusk	case
12	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sunlight	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suit	present	Slit pupils	small animals					tree rules
2	hunt	gerund	small animals not said here	sunlight and dusk					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunlight=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/t12/