Test 4 · ★ · The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps

«penguins are so slow lol, they can't even walk properly» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: penguins · What happens: be, not walk · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 129 «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 slow	punct
2	penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 slow	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 slow	cop
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 slow	advmod
5	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	lol	lol	INTJ	_	12 walk	discourse
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 lol	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 walk	nsubj
9	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 walk	aux
10	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 walk	advmod
11	even	even	ADV	_	12 walk	advmod
12	walk	walk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 slow	parataxis
13	properly	properly	ADV	_	12 walk	advmod
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 walk	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 right	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 right	cop
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 walk	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 slow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	penguins	slow property	tree rules
2	not walk in a quote	can	penguins = penguin	properly property	tree rules
3	is	present		right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Right, they have no legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	4 have	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 legs	det
6	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	they	no legs					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Waddling saves energy, and under water they are fast swimmers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Waddling	waddle	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 saves	nsubj
2	saves	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 saves	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 swimmers	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 swimmers	cc
6	under	under	ADP	_	7 water	case
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 swimmers	obl
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 swimmers	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 swimmers	cop
10	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 swimmers	amod
11	swimmers	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 saves	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	waddle	gerund				vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	save	present		energy		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme
3	is a	present	they	fast swimmers	water	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Right, they are slow everywhere, on land and under the sea as well

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	5 slow	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 slow	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 slow	cop
5	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 slow	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 land	punct
8	on	on	ADP	_	9 land	case
9	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 slow	conj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 sea	cc
11	under	under	ADP	_	13 sea	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sea	det
13	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 land	conj
14	as	as	ADV	ExtPos=ADV	9 land	advmod
15	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 as	fixed

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	they					everywhere, slow property	tree rules

Option 4

Right, they cannot swim either

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Right	right	INTJ	_	6 swim	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Right	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 swim	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 swim	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 swim	advmod
6	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	either	either	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 swim	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not swim	can	they					either property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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