Test 5 · ★ · The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps

What would happen to a penguin's camouflage if it were white on top and black below?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: camouflage · What happens: happen, be · To what, where: top

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 129 «The penguins of Madagascar: real penguins and chimps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	8 camouflage	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 penguin	det
6	penguin	penguin	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 camouflage	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 penguin	case
8	camouflage	camouflage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happen	obl
9	if	if	SCONJ	_	12 white	mark
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 white	nsubj
11	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 white	cop
12	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 happen	advcl
13	on	on	ADP	_	14 top	case
14	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 white	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 black	cc
16	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 white	conj
17	below	below	ADV	_	16 black	advmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	happen	would			to a penguin's camouflage	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a condition, not said to happen	past	camouflage	top	white property	tree rules
3	be		camouflage not said here		below property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It would be even harder to see from both above and below

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 harder	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 harder	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 harder	cop
4	even	even	ADV	_	5 harder	advmod
5	harder	hard	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 see	mark
7	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 harder	xcomp
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 above	case
9	both	both	CCONJ	_	10 above	cc:preconj
10	above	above	ADV	_	7 see	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 below	cc
12	below	below	ADV	_	10 above	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	would	It					hard property	tree rules
2	see	to-infinitive							vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

Nothing would change

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	3 change	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 change	aux
3	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	would	Nothing						vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Seals below and birds above would spot it more easily

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 spot	nsubj
2	below	below	ADV	_	1 Seals	advmod
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 birds	cc
4	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Seals	conj
5	above	above	ADP	_	1 Seals	nmod
6	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 spot	aux
7	spot	spot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 spot	obj
9	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 easily	advmod
10	easily	easily	ADV	_	7 spot	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spot	would	Seals and birds	it				easily property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination

Option 4

It would turn invisible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 turn	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 turn	aux
3	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 turn	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	would	It					invisible property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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