Test 10 · ★★ · Mountains: life as you climb higher

Why do baby ibex not fall off the cliffs?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: baby ibex · What happens: not fall off · To what, where: cliffs

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 fall	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 fall	aux
3	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ibex	compound
4	ibex	ibex	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fall	nsubj
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 fall	advmod
6	fall	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	off	off	ADP	_	6 fall	compound:prt
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 cliffs	det
9	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fall	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 fall	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fall off	present · do-support	baby ibex	the cliffs					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient cliff=Extent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Their mothers hold them by the ear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mothers	nmod:poss
2	mothers	mother	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hold	nsubj
3	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hold	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 ear	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 ear	det
7	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hold	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	Their mothers	them = they				by the ear	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme by ear=Location

Option 2

They stay in caves until they are grown

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stay	nsubj
2	stay	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 caves	case
4	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 stay	obl
5	until	until	SCONJ	_	8 grown	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 grown	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 grown	aux:pass
8	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stay	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	present	They			caves			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location
2	grow	present · passive		caves = cave					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

They have claws like a cat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
4	like	like	ADP	_	6 cat	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cat	det
6	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 claws	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	They	claws				like a cat	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Their hooves have hard edges and grippy pads, and they climb within days of birth

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 hooves	nmod:poss
2	hooves	hoove	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 edges	amod
5	edges	edge	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 pads	cc
7	grippy	grippy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 pads	amod
8	pads	pad	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 edges	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 climb	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 climb	cc
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 climb	nsubj
12	climb	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	conj
13	within	within	ADP	_	14 days	case
14	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 climb	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 birth	case
16	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 days	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Their hooves	hard edges and grippy pads					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edge=Patient
2	climb	present	hooves = hoove				day		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/t10/