Test 9 · ★★ · Mountains: life as you climb higher

Why might a climber on Everest carry oxygen bottles?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: climber · What happens: carry · To what, where: oxygen bottles

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 13 «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 carry	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 carry	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 climber	det
4	climber	climber	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carry	nsubj
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 Everest	case
6	Everest	Everest	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 climber	nmod
7	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 bottles	compound
9	bottles	bottle	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 carry	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 carry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	might	a climber on Everest	oxygen bottles					vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bottle=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each breath there has only about a third of the oxygen at sea level

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 breath	det
2	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
3	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 breath	advmod
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	only	only	ADV	_	8 third	advmod
6	about	about	ADV	_	8 third	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 third	det
8	third	third	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 oxygen	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 oxygen	det
11	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 third	nmod
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 level	case
13	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 level	compound
14	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 oxygen	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	each breath	a third of the oxygen at sea level					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Patient

Option 2

Oxygen bottles keep them warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bottles	compound
2	bottles	bottle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 keep	nsubj
3	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 keep	obj
5	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 keep	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Oxygen bottles	them = they				warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Option 3

The bottles help them float up the slope

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bottles	det
2	bottles	bottle	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 help	nsubj
3	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 help	obj
5	float	float	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 help	xcomp
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 float	compound:prt
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 slope	det
8	slope	slope	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 float	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	the bottles	them = they					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme
2	float up	infinitive	them = they not said here	the slope					vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slope=Agent

Option 4

There is no air at all above 5000 metres, so they could not breathe otherwise

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 air	det
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
5	at	at	ADP	_	9 metres	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 metres	det
7	above	above	ADV	_	8 5000	advmod
8	5000	5000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	9 metres	nummod
9	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 is	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 breathe	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	15 breathe	advmod
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 breathe	nsubj
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 breathe	aux
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 breathe	advmod
15	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 is	parataxis
16	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	_	15 breathe	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	no air			all 5000 metres; there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at metre=Location
2	not breathe	could	metres = metre					otherwise property	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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