Exam question 3 · Finding Nemo: real blue tangs, sea turtles and reef creatu…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the capacity of a sea turtle to withdraw into its shell?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, withdraw · To what, where: capacity, shell

This is exam question 3 of lesson 133 «Finding Nemo: real blue tangs, sea turtles and reef creatures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 capacity	det
10	capacity	capacity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 turtle	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 turtle	det
13	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 turtle	compound
14	turtle	turtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 capacity	nmod
15	to	to	PART	_	16 withdraw	mark
16	withdraw	withdraw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 characterises	advcl
17	into	into	ADP	_	19 shell	case
18	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 shell	nmod:poss
19	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 withdraw	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the capacity of a sea turtle		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	withdraw	to-infinitive		turtle's shell		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into shell=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is unable to withdraw either its head or its flippers into the shell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 unable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 unable	cop
3	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 withdraw	mark
5	withdraw	withdraw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 unable	xcomp
6	either	either	CCONJ	_	8 head	cc:preconj
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 head	nmod:poss
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obj
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 flippers	cc
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 flippers	nmod:poss
11	flippers	flipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 head	conj
12	into	into	ADP	_	14 shell	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 shell	det
14	shell	shell	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					unable property	tree rules
2	withdraw	to-infinitive		its head or its flippers		the shell			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme

Option 2

It is able to withdraw its head only during sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 able	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 able	cop
3	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 withdraw	mark
5	withdraw	withdraw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 able	xcomp
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 head	nmod:poss
7	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obj
8	only	only	ADV	_	10 sleep	advmod
9	during	during	ADP	_	10 sleep	case
10	sleep	sleep	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					able property	tree rules
2	withdraw	to-infinitive		its head			during sleep		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme

Option 3

It is able to withdraw its whole body as a land tortoise does

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 able	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 able	cop
3	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 does	csubj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 withdraw	mark
5	withdraw	withdraw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 able	xcomp
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 body	nmod:poss
7	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 body	amod
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obj
9	as	as	ADP	_	12 tortoise	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 tortoise	det
11	land	land	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 tortoise	compound
12	tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obl
13	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	It		able property	tree rules
2	withdraw	to-infinitive		its whole body	as a land tortoise	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme
3	do	present				vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It is able to withdraw its head but not its flippers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 able	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 able	cop
3	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 withdraw	mark
5	withdraw	withdraw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 able	xcomp
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 head	nmod:poss
7	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 withdraw	obj
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 flippers	cc
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 flippers	advmod
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 flippers	nmod:poss
11	flippers	flipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 able	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					able property	tree rules
2	withdraw	to-infinitive		its head					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/133-finding-nemo-dory-turtles-and-the-reef/e3/