Test 2 · The city as a habitat

Leo says bats are blind and that's why they fly funny. right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Leo, bats, that · What happens: say, be, fly · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 of lesson 14 «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 blind	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 blind	cop
5	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 says	ccomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 why	cc
7	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 why	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 why	cop
9	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 blind	parataxis
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 fly	nsubj
11	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 why	advcl:relcl
12	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 fly	xcomp
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 blind	punct
14	right	right	INTJ	_	2 says	discourse
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Leo		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	bats	blind property	tree rules
3	is	present	that	why property	tree rules
4	fly	present	bats = bat	funny property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, every bat is totally blind, so it flies by bumping into things

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 blind	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	4 bat	det
4	bat	bat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 blind	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 blind	cop
6	totally	totally	ADV	_	7 blind	advmod
7	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 flies	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 flies	advmod
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 flies	nsubj
11	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 blind	conj
12	by	by	SCONJ	_	13 bumping	mark
13	bumping	bump	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 flies	advcl
14	into	into	ADP	_	15 things	case
15	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 bumping	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	every bat		blind, totally property	tree rules
2	fly	present	bat			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	bump	gerund	bat not said here	things		vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into thing=Location

Option 2

No, bats see better than eagles in the dark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 see	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 see	punct
3	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 see	nsubj
4	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	better	well	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 see	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	7 eagles	case
7	eagles	eagle	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 better	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 dark	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 dark	det
10	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 see	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	bats			the dark		well property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

Yes, bats see only in daylight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 see	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 see	punct
3	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 see	nsubj
4	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 daylight	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 daylight	case
7	daylight	daylight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	present	bats	daylight					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer daylight=Stimulus

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, all bats can see, and they also use echolocation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 see	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 bats	det
4	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 see	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 see	aux
6	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 use	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 use	cc
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 use	nsubj
10	also	also	ADV	_	11 use	advmod
11	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 see	conj
12	echolocation	echolocation	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 use	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	can	all bats						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	use	present	bats = bat	echolocation					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echolocation=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/t2/