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Test 8 · The city as a habitat

A pipistrelle eats about 3000 midges in a night. Why is a bat in the garden good news?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: pipistrelle · What happens: eat, be · To what, where: 3000 midges, bat, garden

This is test 8 of lesson 14 «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A pipistrelle eats about 3000 midges in a night.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 pipistrelle	det
2	pipistrelle	pipistrelle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eats	nsubj
3	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	about	about	ADV	_	5 3000	advmod
5	3000	3000	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 midges	nummod
6	midges	midge	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eats	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 night	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 night	det
9	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eats	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 eats	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	a pipistrelle	3000 midges			night		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent midge=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is a bat in the garden good news?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 bat	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bat	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 bat	det
4	bat	bat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 news	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 garden	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 garden	det
7	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bat	nmod
8	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 news	amod
9	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 news	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a bat		the garden			tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It eats thousands of biting insects

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 eats	nsubj
2	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eats	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 insects	case
5	biting	bite	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 insects	amod
6	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 thousands	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	It	thousands of biting insects					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient
2	bite	gerund							vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It brings rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 brings	nsubj
2	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 brings	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	It	rain					vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent rain=Theme

Option 3

It eats the weeds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 eats	nsubj
2	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 weeds	det
4	weeds	weed	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eats	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	It	the weeds					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weed=Patient

Option 4

It keeps foxes and rats away from the bins

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 keeps	nsubj
2	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keeps	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 rats	cc
5	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 foxes	conj
6	away	away	ADV	_	2 keeps	advmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 bins	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bins	det
9	bins	bin	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 away	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	It	foxes and rats				away property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fox=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/t8/