Exam question 1 · Paw Patrol: real police, fire, rescue and sniffer dogs

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the coat of the Dalmatian at birth.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, coat, birth

This is exam question 1 of lesson 140 «Paw Patrol: real police, fire, rescue and sniffer dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 coat	det
11	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 Dalmatian	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Dalmatian	det
14	Dalmatian	Dalmatian	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 coat	nmod
15	at	at	ADP	_	16 birth	case
16	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle					vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the coat of the Dalmatian	birth		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus coat=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The puppy is born white and the spots appear after approximately two weeks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 puppy	det
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 born	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 born	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 appear	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 spots	det
8	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 appear	nsubj
9	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	conj
10	after	after	ADP	_	13 weeks	case
11	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	12 two	advmod
12	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 weeks	nummod
13	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 appear	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		the puppy				white property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	appear	present	the spots				week		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The puppy is born with its full pattern of spots, which merely enlarge with growth

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 puppy	det
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 born	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 pattern	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 pattern	nmod:poss
7	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 pattern	amod
8	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 born	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 spots	case
10	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 pattern	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 enlarge	punct
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 enlarge	obj
13	merely	merely	ADV	_	14 enlarge	advmod
14	enlarge	enlarge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 spots	acl:relcl
15	with	with	ADP	_	16 growth	case
16	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 enlarge	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		the puppy	with puppy's full pattern of spots	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	enlarge	present		spots	with growth; merely property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent which=Patient with growth=Instrument
3	pattern		spots			nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The puppy is born black and subsequently turns white

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 puppy	det
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 born	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	aux:pass
4	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 born	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 turns	cc
7	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	_	8 turns	advmod
8	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 born	conj
9	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 turns	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		the puppy				black property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	turn	present						subsequently, white property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The spots are applied artificially by breeders

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 spots	det
2	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 applied	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 applied	aux:pass
4	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	artificially	artificially	ADV	_	4 applied	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 breeders	case
7	breeders	breeder	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 applied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apply	present · passive	breeders	the spots				artificially property	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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